76 and the function was 62.22±9.92. The results found a direct relation between the age and the duration of illness with the score of the patient’s awareness (P=0.008, P=0.000). There was also a direct relation between the level of education with score of awareness and the score of function in self-care (P=0.000, P=0.000), but the statistical results did not find any relation between awareness and the function in self-care of patients with the severity of DFU (P>0.05). Discussion There was no relation between the self-care awareness and function with severity of DFU (P>0.05) that can be due to the more relation between DFU severity with hygiene and physical factors after the disease and the effect of awareness and function would be only in the incidence of the DFU. Conclusion Awareness and function of patients in self-care is less than average. Increasing awareness of patients and empowering them through appropriate training can be effective in preventing diabetic foot ulcers. © 2020 Ghobadi et al.Abstract The emergence of the plasmid-borne colistin-resistant gene (mcr-1) poses a great threat to human health. What is worse, the recent observations of the co-existence of mcr-1 with other antimicrobial resistance genes in some bacteria cause further concern. Here, we present the first report of a wild Escherichia coli strain that co-carries an mcr-1 encoding phage-like IncY plasmid (pR15_MCR-1) and a bla NDM-5 encoding IncX3 plasmid (pR15_NDM-5) from a pharmaceutical industry, wastewater treatment plant, in China. This study highlights the spreading of E. coli carrying both mcr-1 and bla NDM-5 genes in the pharmaceutical industry. Importance Escherichia coli strains that carry both mcr-1 and bla NDM-5 genes are of great health concern and are already found in humans and animals worldwide, yet there is a paucity of observations of this resistant strain in the environment. Here we present the first isolation of an E. coli strain (R15) that co-carries mcr-1 and bla NDM-5 genes from a wastewater treatment plant in China. Whole-genome sequencing indicated that R15 harbored two plasmids, pR15_MCR-1 and pR15_NDM-5, that carry mcr-1 and bla NDM-5, respectively. The observation of this wild-derived E. coli strain that carries mcr-1 and bla NDM-5 genes simultaneously calls for the urgency to improve monitoring and reducing its further spreading. © 2020 Han et al.Introduction Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. interdigitale are important causative agents of superficial mycoses, demonstrating emergent antifungal drug resistance. We studied the antifungal susceptibility profiles in Iranian isolates of these two species. Methods A total of 96 T. interdigitale and 45 T. mentagrophytes isolates were subjected to molecular typing by ribosomal ITS region. CCT251545 Antifungal susceptibility profiles for terbinafine, griseofulvin, clotrimazole, efinaconazole, luliconazole, amorolfine and ciclopirox were obtained by CLSI broth microdilution method. The squalene epoxidase (SQLE) gene was subjected to sequencing for mutations, if any, in isolates exhibiting elevated MICs for terbinafine. Results Luliconazole and efinaconazole showed the lowest MIC values against T. mentagrophytes and T. interdigitale isolates. There were five isolates with terbinafine MICs ≥32 µg/mL in our sample. They belonged to T. mentagrophytes type VIII and harbored two alternative SQLE gene sequence variants, leading to Phe397Leu and Ala448Thr or Leu393Ser and Ala448Thr substitutions in the enzyme. All terbinafine resistant strains could be inhibited by luliconazole and efinaconazole. Conclusion This study documented a step in the global spread of resistance mechanisms in T. mentagrophytes. However, treatment alternatives for resistant isolates were available. © 2020 Taghipour et al.Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is a rare tumor, comprising less than 10% of sinonasal malignancies. SNMM most frequently occurs in the nasal cavity (70%) and maxillary sinus (14%), typically as black patches. Overall, SNMM harbors a very poor prognosis; 5-year survival is less than 30%. Nasal cavity tumors confer a better prognosis than sinus melanoma. The primary management for SNMM is surgery, when feasible, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Recent studies suggest that immunotherapy may confer survival benefit to patients with advanced disease. The multidisciplinary team approach has been shown to optimize treatment, reduce costs, and minimize adverse events, while maximizing the chances for cure. © 2020 Na’ara et al.Background Polyphyllin VI (PPVI), a bioactive component derived from a traditional Chinese herb Paris polyphylla, exhibits potential antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as breast and lung cancers. However, its effect on glioma remains unknown. Methods Five glioma cell lines (U251, U343, LN229, U87 and HEB) and an animal model were employed in the study. Anti-proliferation effects of PPVI were first determined using CCK-8 cell proliferation and clone formation assays, then reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle progression and apoptosis effects measured by flow cytometry. The effect of PPVI on protein expression was quantified by Western blot analysis. Results Data showed that PPVI inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines by modulating the G2/M phase. Additionally, incubation of cells with PPVI promoted apoptosis, autophagy, increased accumulation of ROS and activated ROS-modulated JNK and p38 pathways. On the other hand, N-acetyl cysteine, a ROS inhibitor, attenuated PPVI-triggered effects. Furthermore, JNK and p38 inhibitors ameliorated PPVI-triggered autophagy and apoptosis in glioma cells. In vivo assays showed that PPVI inhibited tumor growth of U87 cell line in nude mice. Conclusion Overall, these data suggested that PPVI might be an effective therapeutic agent for glioma. © 2020 Liu et al.Purpose ASB16 antisense RNA 1 (ASB16-AS1) is a cancer-associated long non-coding RNA that contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor development. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, whether and how ASB16-AS1 is implicated in osteosarcoma (OS) malignancy remains unclear and therefore warrants exploration. Our current study focused on making in-depth investigation of ASB16-AS1 in OS. In the present study, the expression pattern of ASB16-AS1 in OS tissues and cell lines was analyzed. In addition, we examined the clinical value of ASB16-AS1 for OS patients. Furthermore, we explored the impacts of ASB16-AS1 on the malignant phenotype of OS cells in vitro and in vivo as well as the underlying mechanism. Methods ASB16-AS1, microRNA-760 (miR-760) and hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) expressions were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK-8 and flow cytometry analyses, respectively, and cell migration and invasion were determined via cell migration and invasion assays.