INTERPRETATIONS This study suggests the importance to add PMP2 in CMT NGS genes panels or, at most, to test it after major CMT1 genes exclusion, due to the lack of diagnostic-addressing additional features. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PROBLEM This study aims to evaluate the modulatory effects of vitamin D on peripheral blood and endometrial cellular immunity in women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). METHOD OF STUDY One hundred and fifty-four women with RIF were identified at a fertility center from January 2018 and March 2019. Blood and endometrium samples were collected during the mid-luteal phase before IVF treatment or pregnancy. The serum vitamin D status, NK cell cytotoxicity, Th1 cytokine production and endometrial immune cells were detected before and after vitamin D supplementation. RESULTS The NK cell cytotoxicity at an effector-to-target (ET) ratio of 501 or 251 was significantly higher in vitamin D insufficiency group (VDI) than those in vitamin D normal group (VDN) (P less then 0.05 each). The percentage of IFN-γ- or TNF-α-producing Th cells was significantly increased in VDI or vitamin D deficiency group (VDD) when compared with VDN (P less then 0.05 each). The percentage of CD68+ macrophages on all endometrial cells in VDI and VDD was significantly higher than in VDN (P less then 0.05 each), while no significant differences in the percentage of other endometrial immune cells among the three groups were observed. This dysregulation was significantly reduced with vitamin D supplementation. CONCLUSION Our findings highlighted that vitamin D may have an important role in the regulation of not only systemic but also local immune response for optimization of maternal tolerance for implantation in women with RIF. Preconception optimization of vitamin D status should be considered in women with RIF. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.AIMS This study identifies and analyses the risk factors contributing to nursing turnover in Saudi Arabia and identifies practical solutions to decrease turnover and encourage nurses to stay in their jobs. BACKGROUND Saudi Arabia has a unique nursing profile, as the majority of the nursing workforce are expatriates. The Saudi healthcare system relies on contracted expatriate nurses to provide most of the direct patient health care. For nurses from other countries, Saudi Arabia can be a challenging place to work due to a range of factors including personal, policy and organisational variables. There is a high turnover of expatriate nurses and this has been longstanding problem for the Saudi Arabian healthcare system. METHOD A cross-sectional survey design among nurses in Saudi Arabia including 502 nurses, of whom 83.7% are female. Structural equation modelling is used to examine the relationships between the study variables. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to create and validate the measurement models forrent nationalities in Saudi Arabia. Implications for nursing management The findings relating to both Saudi and foreign nurse employment could be helpful to policymakers and the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The gut microbiome functions like an endocrine organ, generating bioactive metabolites, enzymes or small molecules that can impact host physiology. Gut dysbacteriosis is associated with many intestinal diseases including (but not limited to) IBD, PSC-IBD, IBS, chronic constipation, osmotic diarrhea and colorectal cancer. The potential pathogenic mechanism of gut dysbacteriosis associated with intestinal diseases includes the alteration of composition of gut microbiota as well as the gut microbiota-derived signaling molecules. The many correlations between the latter and the susceptibility for intestinal diseases has placed a spotlight on the gut microbiome as a potential novel target for therapeutics. Currently, fecal microbial transplantation, dietary interventions, use of probiotics, prebiotics and drugs are the major therapeutic tools utilized to impact dysbacteriosis and associated intestinal diseases. In this review, we systematically summarized the role of intestinal microbiome in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases. The potential mechanism of the complex interplay between gut dysbacteriosis and intestinal diseases, and the treatment methods are also highlighted. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Since the first case of novel coronavirus pneumonia was diagnosed in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the disease has broken out all over the world, and the number of worldwide confirmed cases has exceeded 640000 up to March 30, 2020. On January 30, 2020, WHO upgraded the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). More than two months passed, given that there are still a few new confirmed cases in China every day, and the number of new cases in Italy, Spain, United States of America, Iran (Islamic Republic of) has increased rapidly in recently, the complete control of the outbreak on a global scale remains a difficult process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVE Recent studies have revealed that the ability of cancer cells to undergo intermediate state of EMT, partial EMT (p-EMT) poses a higher metastatic risk rather than complete EMT. Selleckchem TEPP-46 Here we examined the prognostic value of p-EMT-related genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by bioinformatic approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used RNA-seq data of 519 primary HNSCC cases obtained from TCGA database. We compared the expression of p-EMT-related genes in HNSCC tissues with normal tissues. We evaluated the prognostic value of p-EMT-related genes in HNSCC cases by Log-rank test. We examined the expression of p-EMT-, EMT-, and epithelial differentiation-related genes by qPCR. RESULTS Among p-EMT-related genes that were highly expressed in HNSCC cases, high expression of SERPINE1, ITGA5, TGFBI, P4HA2, CDH13, and LAMC2 was significantly correlated with poor survival of HNSCC patients. By gene expression pattern, HNSCC cell lines were classified into three groups; epithelial phenotype, EMT-phenotype, and p-EMT phenotype.