• Le Harris posted an update 1 month, 3 weeks ago

    This scoping review aims to describe the body of nutrition intervention and dietary assessment research undertaken with Khmer populations in Cambodia, as well as summarise the nutrition knowledge base and highlight priority areas for future research.

    Five databases and the grey literature were searched, following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies involving dietary assessment or nutrition interventions published after 1992 were identified using specific search terms and extracted to a customised data extraction table for categorisation and analysis. Study participants were Khmer people of any age and gender, living in rural or urban Cambodia.

    Of the 100 included studies, 58 were dietary assessment only studies, 24 were nutrition interventions only, and 18 studies involved both assessment of intake and an intervention. Sixty-eight percent of study populations were mothers and young children, of which 52 studies focused on children aged under 5 years. Nineteen interventions involved supplementation and six traemia.

    The proportion of sarcopenia in the elderly is very high, although muscle mass loss before sarcopenia covers a wider population. The present study aimed to analyse the effects of different dietary patterns on muscle mass.

    In both 2015 and 2018, using multilayer random sampling, the same participants were selected, and the same questionnaires and machines were used.

    In total, 502 participants were selected. The >65-year-old group showed maximum muscle mass loss in males and females (-1.53 kg ± 4.42 and -1.14 kg ± 2.6 on average, respectively). The cumulative variance of four dietary patterns reached 52.28%. Logistical regression revealed significant differences between ‘Jiangnan Dietary’ groups Q2 vs. Q1 [odds ratio (OR)=0.356, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.202-0.629]; Q3 vs. Q1 (OR=0.457, 95% CI=0.262-0.797). Relative influence factors for muscle mass loss were age (>65 vs. <45, OR=2.027, 95% CI=1.117-3.680), physical activity (OR=0.550, 95% CI=0.315-0.960), income (high vs. Infigratinib solubility dmso low, OR=0.413, 95% CI=0.210 -0.810), sex (female vs. male, OR=0.379, 95% CI=0.235-0.519).

    After 3 years of follow-up, participants’ muscle mass declined significantly. The ‘Jiangnan Dietary’ pattern prevented muscle mass loss and is recommended to the wider population.

    After 3 years of follow-up, participants’ muscle mass declined significantly. The ‘Jiangnan Dietary’ pattern prevented muscle mass loss and is recommended to the wider population.

    This study aimed to examine the psychosocial impact and identify risk factors for poor psychosocial outcomes in healthcare professionals during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Cyprus.

    Healthcare professionals are in the forefront of the COVID-19 pandemic facing an unprecedented global health crisis, which can have consequences on their psychosocial health. There is a need to identify risk factors for poor psychosocial outcomes to inform the design of tailored psychological interventions.

    Cross-sectional online study.

    A total of 1071healthcare professionals completed self-report questionnaires. Measures included sociodemographic information, COVID-19-related characteristics, quality of life (Brief World Health Organization Quality of Life; WHOQOL-Bref), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; GAD-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8; PHQ-8), occupational burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory; CBI), and coping (Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced; Brief COPE).ves aiming to improve and prevent mental health problems in healthcare professionals during the current and future health crises, need to account for the various factors at play.

    This study highlights the urgent need for screening for anxiety and depression and psychological interventions to combat an imminent mental health crisis in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic response protocols and public health initiatives aiming to improve and prevent mental health problems in healthcare professionals during the current and future health crises, need to account for the various factors at play.

    Medication errors are a concern in overall the world. Although there are studies that investigate what may be the main causes that lead to the genesis of the medication error in the home care setting, there is no tool that correlates knowledge, attitudes, and behavior to medication errors in the context of home care. This study aimed to psychometrically test to the questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in the administration of medication in the new setting home care setting.

    This observational study was reported according to the STROBE checklist.

    Sixty two nurses working in home care setting responded to the online survey.

    The face and content validity of the items generated was assessed. An Exploratory Factorial Analysis descriptive statistical analysis was conducted. The final questionnaire is composed of 20 items.

    The results of the statistical analyses allowed to validate the questionnaire, ensuring good internal consistency and reliability. Most of the sample pointed out that the use of electronic health record, medication reconciliation and the pharmacist’s figure are all useful strategies for reducing the risk of medication errors.

    The questionnaire is reliable to measure knowledge, attitude, and behavior about medication errors prevention in home care settings.

    The questionnaire is reliable to measure knowledge, attitude, and behavior about medication errors prevention in home care settings.

    Information regarding adverse events (AEs) of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is limited.

    To evaluate the types and frequency of potential AEs of MMF in dogs with immune-mediated disease.

    One hundred thirty-one dogs treated with MMF for management of suspected immune-mediated disease.

    Retrospective study. Medical records were reviewed to find and group suspect AEs in gastrointestinal (GI), hematologic, and other categories. Age, dosage, body weight, and sex were analyzed between dogs with and without AEs by using the Mann-Whitney U-test and chi-squared test.

    The median starting dosage of MMF was 17.5 mg/kg/day (interquartile range [IQR]=15.1-20.6 mg/kg/day) and the median treatment duration was 56 days (IQR=14-236 days). Mycophenolate mofetil was prescribed for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (n=31), immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (n=31), pemphigus foliaceus (n=15), immune-mediated polyarthritis (n=12), and others (n=42). Overall, potential AEs of MMF were observed in 34 of 131 dogs (GI 24.4% [31/127], neutropenia 4% [3/76], anemia 4% [1/25], thrombocytopenia 4.