inectomy.

Thyroid disorders are the second most common of the endocrine diseases. With regards to Hypothyroidism, it has a slow indolent course over the years, before its diagnosis. Most of the patient, on adequate treatment with biochemical euthyroid status, have generalised symptoms that affect their quality of life. Several tools to assess quality of life in thyroid disorders have been validated and recommended for use for those patients in clinical follow ups. ThyPRO 39 is one of a recently developed thyroid-specific quality of life (QoL) questionnaires applicable to patients with benign thyroid disorders (BTD). The purpose of this study was to predict the thyroid-related quality of life (QoL) instrument ThyPRO 39 in patients with Hypothyroidism, who were rendered euthyroid with thyroid replacement therapy prior to the administration of study tool and to assess the internal reliability of this scale in our population.

A sample of 52 patients undergoing maintenance treatment for Hypothyroidism who visited the ouur indigenous population and further more to utilise it as a screening tool for QoL in clinical management of Hypothyroidism in our routine medical consultations.

Various methods for mandibular reconstruction have been demonstrated in literature from autogenous bone graft to free flaps and more recently tissue engineered materials. We share our experience of mandibular reconstruction with free fibular flap and evaluate its efficiency as a viable option for mandibular reconstruction.

It was a cross-sectional study, conducted at Plastic surgery department combined military hospital, Rawalpindi. Study was carried out over a period of two years from November 2016 to November 2018. The data of demography, mode of presentation, pattern of reconstruction and procedural complications of the patients who underwent free fibula flap for segmental mandibular loss, were collected and analysed. Patients with segmental loss of mandible ranging from 6 to 15 cm and those who could sustain surgery were included in the study, while the patients with metastatic malignancy and recurrent disease were excluded from the study. Each patient was called for first follow up after 2 weeks thenould be the first choice for mandibular reconstruction.

Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the common complications of diabetes and is also the major cause of hospitalization across the world. To treat it properly, bacteriological profile is important to institute appropriate treatment. This study is done with the objective to determine the microbiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of organisms isolated from diabetic foot ulcers in Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan.

This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2019. Swab samples were collected from 114 patients with diabetic foot infections and inoculated on appropriate media. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were done by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.

E. coli were predominately isolated in the study, with ESBL in 41.6% of the cases. Strains of Pseudomonas with MDR and XDR were isolated in 21.8% and 6.25% of the patients respectively. Majority of Gram-positive isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, those were MRSA in 76.6% of samples. The commonly involved sites of DFU were the toes and forefoot, and the main causes were blister formation or trauma. Most of the patients were identified to have risk factors such as peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, over weight and poorly controlled diabetes.

In our study, Gram negative aerobes were predominantly isolated in the diabetic foot infections. A significant number of MDR isolates were also observed. Lack of awareness about DFU and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may be the main cause of increase in the frequency of MDR isolates.

In our study, Gram negative aerobes were predominantly isolated in the diabetic foot infections. A significant number of MDR isolates were also observed. Lack of awareness about DFU and inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may be the main cause of increase in the frequency of MDR isolates.

The utility of ultrasound has long been established in the diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms. Ultrasound is a safe and non-invasive imaging modality that has a high sensitivity and specificity. The objective was to determine the validity of grayscale ultrasound and resistive index in the detection of nature of ovarian neoplasms by taking histopathology as a gold standard.

It was Cross-sectional study conducted in department of Radiology, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from May 16 to November 30, 2014. Twohundred- twenty-one female patients in whom an adnexal mass was noted on pelvic ultrasound were included in the study.

Out of these 221 patients, malignant ovarian masses were present in 50 (22.62%) patients on grayscale ultrasound. While a resistive index ≤0.6 was found in 56 (25.34%) patients. Over all the sensitivity of grayscale ultrasound was 95% and the specificity was 93.37%. Likewise, the sensitivity and specificity of resistive index were 95% and 90.06% respectively.

This study showed the grayscale ultrasound is a sensitive imaging modality for differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian masses.

This study showed the grayscale ultrasound is a sensitive imaging modality for differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian masses.

Focus on quality of postgraduate training has increased. selleck chemicals llc One of the quality indicators is satisfaction of trainees with the residency programs. We aimed to assess the level of satisfaction of Saudi Board family medicine trainees with training program in Qassim.

Anonymized online survey, using a structured questionnaire, was conducted among the current family medicine residents (n=60) in Qassim in 2019. Descriptive analyses were carried out to calculate frequencies of the responses. Satisfaction level was compared between basic (R1, R2) and advance (R3, R4) levels using Chi-square test.

About 67% (40) were basic level trainees. A higher proportion (>80%) of trainees was satisfied with the program director. Satisfaction with trainers ranged 45% to 85% for different items. About 79% of the trainees were satisfied with the training program organization. In the domain of training processes higher proportion (73-83%) was satisfied with supervision and feedback while a lower proportion (63- 68%) was satisfied with evaluations.