In a broader perspective, 111Ag PAC spectroscopy may be applied to probe the flexibility of protein metal sites. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Gulati et al. have reviewed the latest imaging modalities in the field of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy as well as the innovations, which are mainly regarding the development of artificial intelligence (AI). The authors have also illustrated hypoxia imaging, robotic assisted devices to enable automated endoscopy, and eye tracking technology. Thus, an intellectual review is beneficial in disseminating the knowledge on how endoscopic imaging is being developed and enabling the readers to foreseeably imagine the future of diagnostic luminal endoscopy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a globally unattended disease with significant rates of morbidity and mortality. It has a higher prevalence in tropical and subtropical countries compared to the rest of the world. Endomyocardial fibrosis can affect the atrioventricular valves, along with all four chambers of the heart, but spares the myocardium. Patients currently undergo symptomatic treatment with diuretics and vasodilators to enhance quality of life, although medical therapy alone is associated with poor prognosis. Hence, patients with severe symptoms prefer surgical treatment. Modern multimodality imaging, however, can help these definitions to be made more accurately. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a congenital disease in which a communication forms between one or more coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber or great vessel. We describe an infrequent case of right coronary artery (RCA) fistula into the right ventricle (RV) complicated by infective endocarditis in a child. The patient received echocardiography and contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Surgical treatment was performed after management of the infection. Unfortunately, a residual fistula formed after surgery. However, interestingly, the residual fistula spontaneously resolved at one year after surgery. He is now in good condition and totally asymptomatic. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Conservation projects subscribing to a community-based paradigm have predominated in the 21st century. Here, we examine the context in which the phrase was coined and trace its growth over time. We found that the phrase ‘community-based conservation’ first appeared in the literature in 1993 and existed for a decade without much growth. However, after the 5th IUCN World Parks Congress held in Durban, South Africa in 2003, publications describing community-based conservation approaches exponentially increased. The theme of the conference was ‘Benefits Beyond Boundaries’ and described how revenue accrued from conservation-oriented fundraising and ecotourism could be integrated into local community practice. This theme was envisioned to provide an economic model to support ecosystems, wildlife, and the people living alongside, particularly in the Global South. We highlight how the primary deficiencies of these designs relate to a tendency not to incorporate, as a core principle, the heritage of local human communities. Human heritage varies substantially over time and space which challenges the generalizability of conservation principles across scales. We discuss the pitfalls that have grown out of the community-based conservation approaches in the Global South and propose a framework which harnesses human heritage to derive tangible benefits for local communities. We illustrate the ten tenets of our Human Heritage-Centered Conservation framework and demonstrate how progressive philosophies can derive from authentic and ethical integration of local communities in conservation practice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The clinical management of primary liver cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma has significantly changed in the last 3 years. The introduction of new systemic therapies, including immune-based therapies and biomarker driven therapies, has significantly improved survival, particularly in patients at advanced stages. LY3473329 inhibitor Survival is still poor, and projections from the World Health Organization underscore the need to improve outcomes in these patients. Biomarkers have emerged as powerful tools for the diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of treatment response to improve patient stratification and maximize clinical benefit. Recent advances in understanding of the molecular alterations of hepatocellular carcinoma has not translated yet into novel biomarkers. Some reasons are the lack of druggable mutations in the majority of liver cancers and the significant heterogeneity of the disease. In contrast, several therapeutic targets have been identified in cholangiocarcinoma and biomarker-driven therapies are currently tested in phase 2/3 clinical trials. Here, we summarize the status on biomarker development for hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.In our discussion of environmental and ecological catastrophes or disasters resulting from extreme weather events, we unite disparate literatures, the biological and the physical. Our goal is to tie together biological understandings of extreme environmental events with physical understandings of extreme weather events into joint causal accounts. This requires fine-grained descriptions, in both space and time, of the ecological, evolutionary, and biological moving parts of a system together with fine-grained descriptions, also in both space and time, of the extreme weather events. We find that both the “storyline” approach to extreme event attribution and the probabilistic “risk-based” approach have uses in such descriptions. However, the storyline approach is more readily aligned with the forensic approach to evidence that is prevalent in the ecological literature, which cultivates expert-based rules of thumb, that is, heuristics, and detailed methods for analyzing causes and mechanisms. We introduce below a number of preliminary examples of such studies as instances of what could be pursued in the future in much more detail.