Coronary artery disease is one of the commonest surgery demanding cardiovascular diseases. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is practiced all over the world for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Systemic trauma during the surgery is associated with a wide range of complications, some of which are fatal. Preoperative risk factors such as age, previous illness and obesity are common predictors of these adverse events. Advances in therapeutic medicine have allowed timely treatment of these adverse events and co-morbidities. This review summarizes some of the most occurring complications associated with coronary artery bypass graft and corresponding treatment options.Objective To describe ethical approaches to the issue of pregnancy termination after prenatal detection of cleft lip ± palate. Results Gynecologists and cleft surgeons are sometimes confronted with the demand for a pregnancy termination after ultrasound detection of an isolated cleft lip/cleft palate. In this article, we discuss different ethical theories and principles that can be applied to the dilemma at hand. We formulate recommendations that will respect the right to autonomy of the pregnant woman and at the same time acknowledge that a termination of pregnancy for a cleft lip may in most cases not be the best option. Conclusion The recognition of each person’s right to reproductive autonomy also entails that clinicians should make sure that prospective parents are provided with up-to-date and relevant clinical information.A cross-section correlational study was conducted to evaluate the overall quality of life in young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with cancer, and the impact of health-related and non-health-related factors on their quality of life. Fifty-six AYA cancer survivors were recruited to elicit the impact of biological function (cancer type and comorbidity), symptoms, functional status, general perception of health status, gender, and characteristics of the environment on quality of life. Participants experienced higher than average quality of life. Symptoms, functional status, and general perception of health status were significant predictors of quality of life in this group of AYAs diagnosed with cancer. In delivering quality cancer care, nurses must be able to thoroughly assess symptom status, AYA cancer survivors’ perception of their health status, and functioning in order to implement supportive measures to help improve their quality of life.Objective The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and intraoperative findings and further evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic ossiculoplasty for the management of isolated congenital ossicular chain malformation. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 16 ears (15 patients) with the isolated congenital ossicular chain malformation who underwent endoscopic ossiculoplasty in our department from May 2017 to January 2019. Endoscopic exploratory tympanotomy was conducted to check the ossicular chain; at the same time, endoscopic ossiculoplasty was performed depending on intraoperative findings. Air-conduction thresholds, bone-conduction thresholds, and air-bone gaps (ABGs) were measured before and after surgery, and the hearing outcome was assessed at 6 months postoperatively. Results The most common malformations of ossicular chain were the missing of the incus long process and stapes suprastructure. A serial assessment of the hearing status was conducted before and 6 months after the endoscopic ossiculoplasty provides an alternative method to manage congenital ossicular chain malformation, with comfortable hearing outcome and the advantage of excellent vision and less invasion.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on neurotrophin expression in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD was induced via intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Male mice (N = 42) were randomly divided into 3 groups control, MPTP + standard condition (SC), and MPTP + EE. The groups were raised separately for 28 days. On Day 21 they received 1 injection (20 mg/kg MPTP or saline for MPTP and control groups, respectively) every 2 hr for a total of 4 injections. Animals were sacrificed 7 days after the final injection and their brains were immediately removed. Neurotrophins and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels were measured. The BCL-2/Bax ratio significantly increased in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA level was upregulated (but not significantly) in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression significantly increased in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Finally, expressions of proNGF and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) were significantly downregulated in the MPTP + EE compared to the MPTP + SC group. Results confirm that EE has neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons via suppression of activation of the p75NTR-mediated signaling pathway through the binding of proNGF and p75NTR. Findings suggest that use of EE as a therapeutic intervention would promote healthy aging by facilitating recovery following brain injury and preventing neurodegenerative diseases.Purpose To investigate experiences with, and perceptions of, simulation in learning and using the Nutrition Care Process/Terminology (NCP/T) of dietitians in Canada. Methods In February-March 2017, a convenience sample of 382 dietitians in Canada (71.8% in clinical practice) completed an online survey regarding the type(s), setting(s), and perceptions of the simulations in which they engaged in learning and using the NCP/T. Results A majority (76.7%) of respondents had engaged in NCP/T-related simulation, most commonly case studies (85.3%) and role-play (42.0%), as part of workplace/volunteer training (51.4%) and undergraduate internship/stage/practicum (34.2%). Nearly half (49.5%) of respondents learned all 4 NCP components via simulation, with Nutrition Diagnosis being the most common individual component (57%). P22077 manufacturer Over three-quarters of respondents agreed/strongly agreed that simulation helped them better understand/use the NCP/T and that NCP/T-related knowledge/skills gained through simulation are transferable to the clinical setting/dietetic practice.