4% decrease in the SID. The standardized ileal digestible contents of protein and the average of indispensable AA and dispensable AA were higher in MBM than in SBM, with CM being the lowest. Pelleting decreased (P less then 0.05) the digestible protein and total digestible AA contents. These findings reveal that the FF has a substantial impact on AA digestibility estimates of feed ingredients and it must be considered in AA digestibility assays of ingredients with high protein and AA contents.Crystalline amino acids (AAs) exhibit high nutritional values when supplemented AA-deficient diets. However, the AAs in crystalline form in the diet are absorbed quickly than protein-bound AAs, which may take an effect on AA utilization efficiency. In this study, 2 experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of encapsulated lysine-HCl (Lys) and DL-methionine (DL-Met) on the growth performance of broiler chickens. In experiment 1, a total of 432 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were subjected to 3 dietary treatments (27 pens; 16 birds per pen) for 42 d. The control group was basal diets supplemented with crystalline Lys and DL-Met, and treatment groups had basal diets supplemented with encapsulated Lys and DL-Met at the levels of 80% and 60% of control diets (80CLM, 60CLM), respectively. The growth performance, intestinal development, and transcription of AA transporters were determined. In experiment 2, 24 broiler chickens were subjected to the same treatments as in experiment 1. The plasma conco detrimental effects on production performance. Encapsulated Lys and DL-Met would have greater potential for application when replacing crystalline AAs in broiler chickens.Phosphorus (P) is an integral part of diet formulation for broiler chickens as P is required for various biochemical processes essential to life. A study was designed to examine the additivity of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of P in mixed diets containing corn and soybean meal (SBM) with or without phytase supplementation. Birds were fed a commercial starter diet from day 0 to 21 after hatching and then allotted to 7 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with the BW as a blocking factor. Four semipurified diets were prepared to contain corn or SBM as the sole source of P with or without the addition of phytase at 1,000 phytase units/kg of diet. Two mixed diets were also prepared to contain corn and SBM with or without the addition of phytase at 1,000 phytase units/kg diet. A P-free diet (PFD) was formulated to determine the basal ileal endogenous loss of P. There were 16 replicate cages of the PFD and 8 replicate cages of the 6 experimental diets, with 8 birds per replicate cage for a total of 512 birds. Diets were fed for 3 d. The ileal digesta of birds were collected from the distal two-thirds of the ileum on day 24 after hatching. The SID of P in corn and SBM were 52.2 and 65.4%, respectively (SEM = 1.37). The addition of phytase improved (P less then 0.05) both the AID and SID of P in the corn, SBM, and mixed diets. The determined AID or SID in the corn and SBM with or without phytase was used to predict the AID or SID in the mixed diets. There were no differences between the predicted and determined digestibility values in the mixed diets for either AID or SID of P and thus additive. Phytase supplementation of the mixed diet did not influence the additivity of AID or SID. In conclusion, the AID or SID of P in the corn and SBM was additive in the mixed diets containing corn and SBM with or without the addition of phytase.A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD) on pullet and egg-laying hen growth performance, egg production, and egg quality. this website Three hundred and ninety 1-day-old Hy-Line W36 pullets were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with 10 replicated cages and 13 birds per cage. Dietary treatments were vitamin D3 at 2,760 IU/kg (D); vitamin D3 at 5,520 IU/kg (DD), and vitamin D3 at 2,760 IU/kg plus 25OHD at 2,760 IU (69 μg)/kg (25D). Body weight and feed intake were recorded at the end of each stage starter 1 (0-3 wk), starter 2 (4-6 wk), grower (7-12 wk), developer (13-15 wk), prelay (15-17 wk), peaking (18-38 wk), layer 2 (39-48 wk), layer 3 (49-60 wk), layer 4 (61-75 wk), and layer 5 (76-95 wk). Egg production was recorded daily. Egg quality was evaluated every 8 wk starting from 25 wk. There was no difference in growth performance during the rearing period (0-17 wk). In the laying period (18-95 wk), DD showed lower feed intake at layer 2, but higher intake at layer 3 along with lower hen day production (HDP) from 22 to 48 wk compared to the other treatments. During the same period, the DD group laid smaller eggs with higher specific gravity and shell thickness compared with the other treatments or D alone at 40 wk, which may be partly due to the lower body weight. In contrast, 25D had better feed conversion ratio (feed intake per dozen of eggs) at layer 2, and higher overall (22-60 wk) HDP compared with DD. For the egg quality analysis, at 25 and 33 wk, both DD and 25D had higher Haugh unit compared with D. However, 25OHD has no effects on eggshell quality during the entire production period and no beneficial effects on egg production during the later laying period (after 60 wk). In summary, long-term and early supplementation of 25OHD has positive effects on egg production and egg quality, and the beneficial effects were mainly observed during the early laying stage.Two broiler lines, Line A and Line B, were fed experimental diets from 22 to 42 d with objectives to determine effects of digestible amino acids (AA) to metabolizable energy ratios on feed intake (FI), performance, and processing yield. Experimental diets were formulated to 3,150 kcal/kg with 5 levels of digestible lysine (dLys)-80, 90, 100, 110, and 120% of recommended AA level giving g dLys/Mcal values of 2.53, 2.85, 3.17, 3.48, and 3.80, respectively. All other AA were formulated to a fixed ratio to dLys. A total of 4,050 chicks were utilized in each trial (9 replicate pens for each AA level and each line; 45 chicks/pen) conducted twice one in hot environmental temperature (HT) (24 h mean ∼85.3 °F; 80.9% RH) and another in cool environmental temperature (CT) (24 h mean ∼71.6 °F; 61.7% RH). Results showed that FI was not impacted by dietary AA levels in HT for both lines. Higher FI (P less then 0.05) was observed in CT for lower dietary AA levels ( less then 100% AA level) for both lines, with overall higher FI occurring in Line B.