These findings suggest that some of an individual’s frequent facial action patterns are associated with specific styles in social and emotional interactions.

Many standardized outcome measures exist to measure recovery after surgical fixation of distal radius fractures, however, choosing the optimal instrument is difficult. We evaluated responsiveness, ceiling/floor effects, and criterion validity over multiple time intervals across a 2-year follow-up period for six commonly used instruments.

A total of 259 patients who received open reduction and internal fixation for distal radius fractures between 2012 and 2015 were recruited. Patients were administered the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (

), Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (

), Green and O’Brien score (Cooney modification) (

), Gartland and Werley score (Sarmiento modification) (

), flexion-extension arc (

), and grip fraction test (

) at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Responsiveness was evaluated by calculating standardized response means (SRM) and Cohen’s

effect sizes (ES), and by correlating each instrument’s change scores against those of

and

, which were also used as external comparators to assess criterion validity. Ceiling/floor effects were calculated for all measures at each time point.

SRM (1.5-24 months) were 1.81, 1.77, 1.43, 1.16, 2.23, 2.45 and ES (1.5-24 months) were 1.81, 1.82, 1.95, 1.31, 1.99 and 2.90 for

and

respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients against

at 24 months were 0.809, 0.248, 0.563, 0.285, and 0.318 for

and

respectively. Significant (>15% of patients reaching maximum score) ceiling effects were observed before 6 months for

.

Our evidence supports the use of

,

,

and

up to 6 months postsurgery, and

and

after 6 months.

Level II.

Level II.The increasing prevalence of cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia with the aging population has led to scrutiny of the efficacy of cognition-oriented treatments (COTs) aiming to maintain functioning, and delay or prevent further cognitive decline. However, little is known regarding the role of individual differences patient-variables (such as depression, self-efficacy, and motivation) in moderating the efficacy of COTs. selleck kinase inhibitor This systematic review aimed to identify and analyze COT trials which investigated the relationship between differences in these patient-variables and intervention outcomes for older adults across healthy, MCI, and dementia populations. Of the 4854 studies extracted from the systematic search, 14 were included for analysis. While results were mixed across interventions and populations, on balance, greater depression severity predicted poorer cognitive functioning, and improvement in depressive symptom severity may account for at least part of the cognitive benefits seen at post-intervention. These findings were strongest for studies of MCI populations, with there being limited evidence of a relationship for healthy older adults or those with dementia. Overall, this review demonstrates the need for further investigation into the role of individual differences and clinical variables – particularly depression symptom severity – in attenuating COT outcomes through larger sample, high-quality randomized controlled trials.

To describe and analyse the therapeutic relationship integrating the views of children, parents and therapists.

This study employs a qualitative methodology, assuming a discovery-oriented approach which draws from grounded theory. Twelve psychotherapy triads participated, composed of children aged 6-10, their parents and psychotherapists. Semi-structured follow-up interviews were conducted (N=36), including a drawing in the case of the children.

A positive therapeutic relationship with children and parents was viewed as a gradually constructed process, based on a positive emotional encounter between participants. It was facilitated primarily by the therapist’s commitment and playful stance, the child and therapist mutual involvement, and the parent’s collaboration. These aspects entailed a trustful, validating and caring relationship, that shaped children and parents’ motivations towards therapy and facilitated change.

From a multiple-perspective approach, therapy was conceived as a relational experience. The development of positive relationships required different and evolving dispositions from therapy main actors. Therapists’ genuine feelings and engagement in therapeutic activity seem central, underlining the importance of addressing relational aspects in child therapy research and training.

From a multiple-perspective approach, therapy was conceived as a relational experience. The development of positive relationships required different and evolving dispositions from therapy main actors. Therapists’ genuine feelings and engagement in therapeutic activity seem central, underlining the importance of addressing relational aspects in child therapy research and training.This study investigated implicit and explicit memory effects of sexual and non-sexual advertisements embedded in either a sexual or non-sexual program among women viewers. We predicted that sexual appeals would facilitate implicit memory for the brand, and we explored whether program-type (sexual or non-sexual) and its associated congruity would impact or moderate recall of the surrounding advertisement among a small sample (n = 52) of exclusively women advertisement viewers. Sexual (versus non-sexual) advertising led to significantly worse implicit memory for the brand logo but better explicit recall for the advertisement scene itself. There was no effect of sexual appeals on explicit brand name recall, and no significant effect on advertisement recall of the program type. There was a significant interaction effect for program type and advertisement type for explicit recall of the advertisement scene, in which program-type moderated sexual advertisement recall. These results suggest that sexual advertising may increase memory for the advertisement at the expense of recalling the brand advertised. Limitations and implications of this study are discussed.