3 % and 20.7 %, respectively. Our results suggest that imidacloprid, alone or in combination with permethrin and PBO, is not an alternative for control of T. infestans. INTRODUCTION Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease with increased Th17 cells in peripheral blood. Th17/1 cells, which were recently characterized as a new differentiated Th17 lineage secreting IL-17 and IFN-γ, play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune diseases. In this study, we investigated whether Th17/1 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of ITP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood was obtained from 44 ITP patients and 50 healthy controls. The percentages of T cell subsets were evaluated. We also detected molecular signature of Th17/1 cells in CD4+ T cells. Besides, CD4+ T cells from ITP patients were treated with dexamethasone, the inhibitor of NF-κB, or rapamycin to evaluate the impact and mechanism of dexamethasone treatment on Th17/1 cells. RESULTS We found an elevated percentage and an enhanced specific molecular signature of Th17/1 cells in CD4+ T cells in ITP patients. The percentage of Th17/1 cells was correlated positively with Th17 cells in ITP patients and healthy controls. The percentage of Th17/1 cells was correlated with corticosteroid resistance. Dexamethasone reversed the molecular signature of Th17/1 cells and decreased the percentage of Th17/1 cells in vitro. Treatment of dexamethasone and the inhibitor of NF-κB suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3, while dexamethasone treatment also inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested Th17/1 cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of ITP and dexamethasone could inhibit Th17/1 cells through NF-κB/STAT3 pathway. These results may provide a potential therapeutic strategy of correcting the Th17/1 cell deviation in ITP. BACKGROUND Surgical resection is the gold standard in the treatment of neoplasia involving the appendiceal orifice (Ao). Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of adenomas involving the Ao can be challenging because of the risk of appendicitis, perforation, or incomplete resection. Surgical resection of Ao lesions is limited by the difficulty of ensuring a negative lateral margin without compromising the ileocecal valve and usually necessitates ileocecal resection. Although combined endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery has become more widely accepted for a variety of conditions, a structured approach to lesions involving the Ao has yet to be described. We describe a novel approach to the treatment of periappendiceal, cecal, and appendiceal adenomas-and present an algorithm to guide decision-making regarding the application of these techniques. METHODS All patients referred to our therapeutic endoscopy practice with tumors involving the Ao between August 2013 and July 2017 were included. Based on tumor size and involvement of the os, patients were either referred for extended laparoscopic appendectomy (ELA), EMR, or a combined approach. RESULTS In total, 47 patients were included; 25 patients underwent EMR only, 13 patients underwent ELA only, and nine patients underwent combined resection. Two patients undergoing EMR had postpolypectomy syndrome. One EMR-only patient with a positive lateral margin was referred for appendectomy, but declined. No patient required ileocecectomy. ABL001 chemical structure Pathologic examination revealed a high rate of sessile serrated adenoma (SSA; 36%). CONCLUSIONS Our results introduce a decision algorithm and suggest that EMR combined with ELA is a safe and curative technique for the treatment of large cecal adenomas involving the Ao. This research investigated the roles of zero-valent iron (ZVI) in a two-stage food waste digestion process. ZVI was added separately to hydrolytic-acidogenic (HA) and methanogenic (MG) stages to understand its impacts on FW hydrolysis-acidification, methanogenesis and bioenergy recovery efficiency. Results showed that ZVI effectively enhanced the overall performance of digestion as compared with the controls without ZVI. Supplementing with ZVI could facilitate the HA process along with faster hydrogen generation. In addition, ZVI shortened the lag phase of MG stage by 42.43-57.23% and raised the maximum methane production rate and yield by 33.99-38.20% and 11-13%, respectively, compared with the controls. Supplementing ZVI to the HA stage could simultaneously raise the bioenergy recovery efficiency of the HA and MG stages by 71.92% and 96.96%, respectively. Further studies demonstrated that iron corrosion contributed little to hydrogen and methane production. The enrichment of syntrophic bacteria, Pseudomonas, and methanogens, and the enhancement of electron transfer among those microbes was supposed to be the main possible mechanism for the enhancement of methanogenesis with ZVI assisted. The thermal degradation behaviors and evolved products analysis of polyester paint and waste enameled wires during pyrolysis were studied. Thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analyses were performed to investigate the mass loss characteristics. The pyrolysis solid residues generated during the process under optimal condition were detailedly analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Meanwhile, the pyrolysis gas and oil generated were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Kinetic analysis adopted the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) model to confirm the reaction series by the variation pattern of activation energy. The results indicated that the pyrolysis of polyester paint and waste polyester enameled wires can be divided into three stages. The average activation energy of polyester paint and waste polyester enameled wires pyrolysis was 323.34 kJ/mol and 215.95 kJ/mol, respectively. The optimized pyrolysis temperature for polyester paint and waste polyester enameled wires was 500 °C and 900 °C, respectively. The chemical compositions of the pyrolysis residues of polyester paint and waste polyester enameled wires were basically same, mainly containing the compounds with CH, CO, aromatic ring, methyl, and aromatics bonds. The pyrolysis gas of polyester paint was mainly composed of C2H6, while that of waste polyester enameled wires mainly consisted of C2H6 and C4H8O. The main components of the pyrolysis oil polyester paint and waste polyester enameled wires were basically same, mainly containing long chain hydrocarbons, long chain alkenes, alcohols, phenol, ketone, aldehyde, and aromatic.