It was suggested that group V secretory phospholipase A

(sPLA2-V) existed in the nucleus. This study examined whether nuclear sPLA

-V plays a role in endocytosis of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL) in monocyte/macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells.

RAW264.7 cells were transfected with shRNA vector targeting sPLA

-V (sPLA

-V-knockdown [KD] cells) or empty vector (sPLA

-V-wild-type [WT] cells). AcLDL endocytosis was assessed by incubation with

I-AcLDL or AcLDL conjugated with pHrodo. Actin polymerization was assessed by flow cytometry using Alexa Fluor 546-phalloidin.

In immunofluorescence microscopic studies, sPLA

-V was detected in the nucleus. ChIP-Seq and ChIP-qPCR analyses showed binding of sPLA

-V to the promoter region of the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (Pgk1) gene. In the promoter assay, sPLA

-V-KD cells had lower promoter activity of the Pgk1 gene than sPLA

-V-WT cells, and this decrease could be reversed by transfection with a vector encoding sPLA

-V-H48Q that lacks enzymin RAW264.7 cells.

Various pathological processes related to diabetes cause endothelial dysfunction. Eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (AA) have roles in vascular regulation. Fibrates have recently been shown to attenuate vascular complications in diabetics. Here we examined the effects of pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator, on plasma eicosanoid levels and endothelial function in diabetic mice.

Diabetes was induced in 7-week-old male wild-type mice by a single injection of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Pemafibrate (0.3 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 3 weeks. Untreated mice received vehicle. Circulating levels of eicosanoids and free fatty acids were measured using both gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vascular responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, respectively, were analyzed.

Pemafibrate reduced both triglyceride and non-high-density lipoprotein -cholesterol levels (P＜0.01), without atty acids accompanied by a reduction of triglyceride. These effects may be associated with the improvement of endothelial function by pemafibrate in diabetic mice.This Review Article overviews the literature on diabetes insipidus (DI) associated with pregnancy and labor in Japan published from 1982 to 2019. The total number of patients collected was 361, however, only one-third of these cases had detailed pathophysiologic information enabling us to identify the respective etiology and subtype. Pregnancy-associated DI can be divided into 3 etiologies, central (neurogenic) DI, nephrogenic DI, and excess vasopressinase-associated DI. Neurogenic DI has various causes for example, DI associated with tumoral lesions in the pituitary and neighboring area, DI associated with Sheehan’s syndrome and/or pituitary apoplexy, and DI associated with lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH, stalkitis). Nephrogenic DI results from defective response of the kidney to normal levels of vasopressin. However, the most interesting causal factor of pregnancy-associated DI is excess vasopressinase, caused either by excess production of vasopressinase by the placenta or defective clearance of vasopressinase by the liver. Hepatic complications resulting in pregnancy-associated DI include acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) and HELLP syndrome (syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets), as well as pre-existing or co-incidental hepatic diseases. A possible role of glucose uptake in putative stress-induced DI and the importance of correct diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-associated DI, including use of 1-deamino 8-D arginine vasopressin, are also discussed.

The Free/Low-Cost Medical Care Program (FLCMC) can subsidize the payment (exempt/lower) in designated institutions in Japan. Given that poverty is a multidimensional concept including social isolation, the FLCMC applicants may need social support over and above financial aid to improve their quality of life. However, there was no data to discuss what services should be provided and to whom. Hence, we aimed to describe the changes in health-related quality of life scores among users of the FLCMC, with respect to their socioeconomic backgrounds.

This cohort study included patients who newly used FLCMC from July 2018 to April 2019. We used patients’ social work records, obtained at baseline, and self-report questionnaires on the Medical Outcomes Study 8 Items Short Form Health Survey (SF-8), measured both at baseline and six-month-after the application. We used the change in physical and mental health component summary score (PCS-8 and MCS-8) as outcome variables.

Multiple linear regression analyses, adjusting for age, sex, healthcare institute, and baseline PCS-8 and MCS-8, showed that lower income was associated with an increase in PCS-8 (coef. -0.09; 95% CI, -0.15 to, -0.03) and MCS-8 (coef. -0.04; 95% CI, -0.11, to 0.03). Living alone (versus. living with someone) was potentially associated with a decrease in both PCS-8 (coef. -1.58; 95% CI, -7.26 to 4.09) and MCS-8 (coef. -3.62; 95% CI, -9.19 to 1.95).

Among patients using FLCMC, those who live alone may need additional support. Further study testing the generalizability of the findings is required.

Among patients using FLCMC, those who live alone may need additional support. Further study testing the generalizability of the findings is required.

Although social participation has been reported to be associated with significantly lower risks of mortality and disability, to our knowledge, no study has estimated its impact on disability-free life expectancy (DFLE). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between social participation and DFLE in community-dwelling older people.

We analyzed 11-year follow-up data from a cohort study of 11,982 Japanese older adults (age ≥65 years) in 2006. CADD522 supplier We collected information on the number of social participation using a questionnaire. Using this information, we categorized the participants into four groups. DFLE was defined as the average number of years a person could expect to live without disability. The multistate life table method using Markov model was employed for calculating DFLE.

The results revealed that DFLE (95% confidence interval) according to the number of social participation was 17.8 years (17.3-18.2) for no activities, 20.9 (20.4-21.5) for one activity, 21.5 (20.9-22.0) for two activities, and 22.