The photogeneration of stable radicals is important but still challenging in the field of optical switching, displays, and other devices. Herein, crystalline 9-anthracene carboxylic acid (9-AC) and a mononuclear complex constructed from this ligand were for the first time discovered to show radical-induced photochromism and photomagnetism after Xe lamp light irradiation. This study finds a simple radical-actuated photochromic molecule for constructing a novel system of photochromic materials.An approach to activating Pd-complexes without using additives such as Lewis acids has been developed for addition polymerization of norbornenes. Aryl iodides and aryl diazonium salts were efficiently applied as cocatalysts to Pd(0)- and Pd(2+)-complexes. The developed systems catalyzed polymerization of norbornenes containing bulky and polar functional groups both in an inert atmosphere and air resulting in soluble and high-molecular-weight saturated polymers.An unusual 1,2-ferrocenyl migration has been observed following reactions of [Ru(dppe)Cp][BArF4] with diferrocenylacetylene, extending the scope of group rearrangments beyond methyl (Wagner-Meerwein) and phenyl entities. Ferrocene-containing bis(alkynes) RC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CArC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CR (R = Fc, Ar = 1,4-phenylene; R = Ph, Ar = 1,1′-ferrocenylene) gave bimetallic bis(vinylidene) complexes following two consecutive rearrangements.Hot charge carriers in graphene exhibit fascinating physical phenomena, whose understanding has improved greatly over the past decade. They have distinctly different physical properties compared to, for example, hot carriers in conventional metals. This is predominantly the result of graphene’s linear energy-momentum dispersion, its phonon properties, its all-interface character, and the tunability of its carrier density down to very small values, and from electron- to hole-doping. Since a few years, we have witnessed an increasing interest in technological applications enabled by hot carriers in graphene. Of particular interest are optical and optoelectronic applications, where hot carriers are used to detect (photodetection), convert (nonlinear photonics), or emit (luminescence) light. Graphene-enabled systems in these application areas could find widespread use and have a disruptive impact, for example in the field of data communication, high-frequency electronics, and industrial quality control. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the most relevant physics and working principles that are relevant for applications exploiting hot carriers in graphene.We prepared fine grid patterns on a glass substrate through photolithography of photoresists; we filled photoresist grids with liquid crystals (LCs) to construct LC-based sensors. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the photoresist grids were flat, smooth, and 3.0-8.0 μm thick. In contrast to conventional LC-based sensors, in which LCs are filled in metal grids placed on glass substrates, our results proved that LC-based sensors constructed using photoresist grids exhibited a larger signal contrast ratio, better signal stability in aqueous solutions and lower limit of detection for mercuric ions. All these characteristics enhanced the performance of the LC-based sensors.Amide linkage of glycine-amino acid was synthesized by coupling of substituted 2-(aminomethyl)malononitrile as a C-terminal glycine unit and N-terminal amine using CsOAc and O2 in an aqueous solution. This is a coupling reagent-free and catalyst-free peptide synthesis via oxidative amide bond formation. Various tripeptides and tetrapeptides were synthesized efficiently and the sulfide moiety is inert even under an oxygen atmosphere.A facile strategy to design a highly efficient electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) system was proposed by using an AIEgen-based 2D ultrathin metal-organic layer (MOL) to coordinatively immobilize energy donors and acceptors simultaneously, in which the distance between adjacent donor-acceptor pairs was precise and short for obtaining high ECL-RET efficiency.Nanoparticulate intermetallic compound Ni3Ga supported on SiO2 has emerged as a highly efficient catalyst for the hydrosilylation of carbonyls, such as aldehydes and ketones, at room temperature. CDK assay Formation of electron-enriched Ni via alloying with Ga is the key to the catalytic performance.This work aims to advance towards a more affordable laboratory procedure for sample treatment to determine carbonyl compounds by derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The proposal is based on reducing the amount of DNPH and solvents. A simple addition of standard carbonyls in a solution containing DNPH to prepare hydrazone standards is described and evaluated. Tedious recrystallization steps are avoided. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, tolualdehyde and hexanal, as carbonyl models, were quantified using a DNPH concentration of 400 μg mL-1 and 3.8 mM H2SO4 and by keeping for 24 hours at room temperature. Analytical coefficients of variation between 10 and 25% were found from the analysis of blanks under intermediate conditions (two different devices, very different concentrations of DNPH and analysis on two days). From these values of relative standard deviations and background levels, quantification limits were estimated between 15 and 40 ng mL-1. The reduction of reagent amounts allows the operator to better control the background levels in the use of DNPH, as well as making the method more cost-effective and easy to use. In short, it leads to a more sustainable adaptation of the classical method. The versatility in analytical application was tested to estimate the levels of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone in very different types of environmental samples. In particular, outdoor and indoor samples were collected in filters and impregnated cartridges, respectively. Moreover, tars in 2-propanol and particulate matter from gasification processes were also tested.We demonstrate that the capacity decay and voltage drop issues of the Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode are significantly addressed by using a concentrated aqueous electrolyte based on Zn and Li salts. The resultant aqueous Zn//Li3V2(PO4)3 battery achieves a high output voltage of 1.75 V and a long lifespan with 82.3% capacity retention over 2000 cycles. Joint structural and spectroscopic characterizations reveal that this battery operates through Li+ (de)intercalation into the cathode along with Zn2+ plating/stripping at the anode.