OBJECTIVES We examined the longitudinal associations of social capital on self-rated health and differences by race/ethnicity in older adults. METHODS We used Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of US adults aged ≥ 50 years evaluated every 2 years (2006-2014) (N = 18,859). We investigated the relationship between social capital indicators (neighborhood social cohesion/physical disorder, positive/negative social support) with self-rated health accounting for age, gender, education and stratified by race/ethnicity. We used structural equation multilevel modeling estimating the associations within-wave and between-persons. RESULTS We observed between-persons-level associations among social capital indicators and self-rated health. Individuals with overall levels of positive social support and neighborhood social cohesion tended to have overall better self-rated health [correlations 0.21 (p  less then  0.01) and 0.29 (p  less then  0.01), respectively]. For Hispanics, the correlations with self-rated health were lower for neighborhood social cohesion (0.19) and negative social support (- 0.09), compared to Whites (0.29 and - 0.20). African-Americans showed lower correlations of positive social support (0.14) compared to Whites (0.21) and Hispanics (0.28). CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting social capital are in need, specifically those reinforcing positive social support and neighborhood social cohesion and diminishing neighborhood physical disorder and negative social support of older adults.Posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES) is a clinical syndrome characterized by headaches, seizures, cortical blindness, and altered mental status up to coma and by a radiological syndrome defined by edematous alteration on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-Scans of the white matter. In the following, we present the case of a 73 years old post-operative patient with PRES in the context of hypertension and endocarditis with E. coli. The initial presentation included a series of seizures, sopor, and cortical blindness. In MRI-Scans a marked cerebral edema could be identified. After successful treatment of underlying conditions, the patient has made a good recovery. However, homonymous hemianopsia towards right due to laminar necrosis in the left occipital lobe remained as a residuum.Salmonella is a significant food-borne pathogen that infects a large number of people worldwide. GDC-0077 In this study, a lytic bacteriophage vB_SenS_SE1 capable of infecting Salmonella is isolated from municipal wastewater in Beijing, and its biological and genomic features are analyzed. Transmission electron micrograph shows that vB_SenS_SE1 is likely a Siphoviridae virus, with an icosahedral head and a long non-contracted tail. The stability test in vitro reveals that it is stable at 4-50 °C and pH 4-12. Based on the one-step growth curve, vB_SenS_SE1 has a 60-min exponential phase and a low burst size (19 PFU per cell). Bioinformatics analysis reveals that vB_SenS_SE1 consists of a circular, double-stranded DNA molecule of 40,987 bp with a GC content of 51.2%. Its genome carries 63 predicted open reading frames (orfs), with 22 orfs encoding known proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of the large terminase subunit shows that vB_SenS_SE1 exhibits strong homology to Salmonella phage St161, St162, VSiP, and FSL SP-031. The CoreGenes analysis shows that it is a member of the virus genus Cornellvirus. The features of phage vB_SenS_SE1 suggest that it has the potential to be an agent to control Salmonella.PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the origin of the vascular structures in ectopic kidneys with multidetector computed tomography (CT). METHODS The abdominal CT images of 96 cases with 106 ectopic kidneys were retrospectively reviewed. The ectopic kidney location, type of ectopia, and the origins of renal arteries and veins of the ectopic kidneys were evaluated. The origins of the renal arteries and veins were classified as suprarenal aorta/inferior vena cava (IVC), normal origin, infrarenal aorta/IVC, aortic/IVC bifurcation, common iliac artery/vein, iliac bifurcation, internal iliac artery/vein, and external iliac artery/vein. Finally, the ectopic kidneys were classified according to the most common combinations of artery and vein origins. RESULTS The renal artery originated from the suprarenal aorta in 1 case, normal origin in 13 cases, the infrarenal aorta in 36 cases, aortic bifurcation in 50 cases, the common iliac artery in 17 cases, and the iliac artery bifurcation in 2 cases. The renal vein was of normal origin in 19 cases, originated from the infrarenal IVC in 44 cases, IVC bifurcation in 36 cases, the common iliac vein in 23 cases, the internal iliac vein in 1 case, and the external iliac vein in 1 case. We classified the artery and vein origins of the ectopic kidneys into 7 most common types and other less common types. A significant correlation was found between the level of the ectopic kidneys and the origin of the arteries and veins (P  less then  0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that the majority of ectopic kidneys have various origins of arterial and venous supply. We described the most common vascular origins of ectopic kidneys. Prior knowledge of these vascular variations may have important implications in preventing iatrogenic hemorrhage during surgery of patients with ectopic kidney.Approximately one of three people with diabetes is affected by distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) which is associated with marked impairment in quality of life due to partly excruciating neuropathic pain on the one hand and painless foot ulcers on the other hand. The prevalence of painful DSPN may reach up to one quarter of patients with diabetes, while DSPN may be asymptomatic in up to half of the patients affected. Regrettably, DSPN still remains underdiagnosed. Typical neuropathic symptoms include pain, paresthesias and numbness particularly in the feet and calves. The management of DSPN includes three cornerstones (1) lifestyle modification, causal treatment aimed at near-normoglycemia and multifactorial cardiovascular risk intervention, (2) pathogenesis-derived treatment and (3) symptomatic treatment of neuropathic pain. Multimodal pain treatment should not only aim at pain relief, but also allow for improvement in quality of sleep, mobility, and general quality of life.