e Canadians would gain the most health benefit from a sugary drinks tax. However, the lowest income quintile would also pay the largest proportion of income in tax. A tax on sugary drinks is therefore financially regressive but forecast to reduce health disparities across Canada.Background Depression and anxiety have complex etiologies and are associated with a significant burden of disease. Although air pollution has been hypothesized as a possible risk factor of these disorders, the associations are still under-investigated. We aimed to analyze associations between long-term exposure to ambient ozone and particulate matter with diameter less then 10 μm (PM10) and diagnoses of depression and anxiety in a general population. Methods We utilized data from a large statutory health insurance company from Saxony, Germany. Information on outpatient clinical diagnoses of depression and anxiety was available for the years 2005-2014. We assigned ambient ozone and PM10 estimates to residential districts of 1.13 million individuals aged 16 and older. Depression and anxiety were defined as diagnoses counts. Associations with depression and anxiety were assessed using adjusted generalized estimating equations models. Results In the ten-year study period, the observed prevalences of depression aogical studies should replicate our findings.Background This study assessed the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) on the prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian insufficiency among young patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumour (MOGCT) receiving chemotherapy. Methods This multicentre, retrospective study was conducted at 15 sites affiliated with the Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group and enrolled 354 patients between January 1995 and September 2018. Among them, 227 patients were included in this study and divided into two groups according to the use of GnRHa during chemotherapy (GnRHa versus no GnRHa groups). learn more The primary objective was to compare the rates of menstrual resumption between the two groups. We also assessed the clinical determinants affecting menstrual resumption among the study groups. Results There were no significant differences between the GnRHa (n = 63) and no GnRHa (n = 164) groups regarding age at diagnosis, parity, ethnicity, age at menarche, body mass index, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, mode of surgery and surgery type. The rate of menstrual resumption after chemotherapy was 100% (63 of 63) in the GnRHa group and 90.9% (149 of 164) in the no GnRHa group (p = 0.013). The mean periods from last chemotherapy to menstrual resumption were 7.4 and 7.3 months in the GnRHa and no GnRHa groups, respectively. GnRHa co-administration during chemotherapy reduced the likelihood of amenorrhoea after chemotherapy, although statistical significance was not confirmed in the univariate analysis (odds ratio 0.276; 95% confidence interval, 0.004-1.317; p = 0.077). Conclusion Temporary ovarian suppression with GnRHa during chemotherapy does not significantly increase the chances of menstrual resumption in young patients with MOGCT.Emulsion formulations of essential oils are of major interest due to their relative biosafety, biocompatibility and good pharmacological potential. Their structural constituents (oil and water phase) facilitate ready solubilization of incorporated hydrophilic/lipophilic actives for their targeted delivery. In the present study, m5S cells were tested for their viability at various concentrations of clove oil and an alkyl polyglucoside emulsifier, viz., Montanov 202™. Thereafter, good cell viable concentrations of oil (10 %) and emulsifier (4%) were used at their optimised ratio (10.4) to formulate an oil in water emulsion using phase inversion technique followed by ultrasonication for particle size reduction. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of clove oil revealed eugenol (76.11 %) and eugenyl acetate (12.41 %) as major constituents. The formulated clove oil emulsion was then characterised with respect to its size, zeta potential, microscopic and thermal analysis and the presence of liquid rystals in its formulation.In this study, we investigated whether the adsorption or coating of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with a blocking reagent would prevent the oxidation and reduction of SWNTs. Blocking reagents are widely used in life sciences to protect coated molecules from adsorption by other molecules. A complex of dsDNA-SWNT complex (Complex A) was prepared by mixing SWNTs powder with dsDNA solution of deoxyribonucleic acid and sodium salt from salmon testes. Blocking reagent (DB1130) was added to Complex A to a final concentration of 1% to prepare a dsDNA-SWNT-DB1130 complex (Complex B). Complex B was sonicated to prepare a dsDNA-SWNT-DB1130-s complex (Complex C). Each complex was oxidized with 0.03 % hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), after which the catechin solution, which has an anti-oxidative effect, was added to the sample. For Complex A, the height of the absorption spectra peak decreased with the addition of H2O2, and was recovered with the addition of catechin. In Complex B, the magnitude of change in the absorption peak height was smaller than that in Complex A, and no significant change was detected in Complex C. These results indicate that DB1130 blocks the redox action of SWNTs, and this effect becomes stronger with increasing DB1130 adsorption. We found that while the difference in the levels of DB1130 adsorption did not affect the absorbance significantly, it induces in a large change in photoluminescence intensity. Furthermore, ultrasonic treatment caused the replacement of dsDNA by DB1130 in Complex B, resulting in an increase in the amount of adsorption, and increasing the diameter of SWNTs. This was also confirmed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements.Immobilized liposome chromatography (ILC) is a powerful tool in screening and analyzing membrane-permeable components in natural medicinal herbs. In this study, the stationary phase of a new receptor liposome biomembrane chromatography (RLBC) was employed to screen the active ingredients in seven natural medicinal herbs. As a model system, α-glucosidase was immobilized in porous silica gel by incorporating α-glucosidase into liposome vesicles. Combined with HPLC, this stationary phase can be used to evaluate the interaction of liposome-protein compounds with compounds and drugs. The surface characteristics of the RLBC phase was characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). RLBC was successfully used to screen and analyze permeable compounds in natural medicinal herbs, and screen the extracts from Schisandra chinensis. This method was used to establish that Schisandrin in Schisandra chinensis is an active component.