ObjectiveTo explore the sensitization feature of cat and dog dander and time trend in northern region. MethodsDuring year 2017 to year 2019, subjects with self-reported allergic diseases received skin prick test for cat and dog dander allergen. Skin index（SI） ≥2+ was considered as positive SPT. SI2+ was defined as mild sensitization, SI3+ was defined as moderate sensitization while SI4+ was defined as severe sensitization. The age and gender difference of sensitization rate between cat and dog dander allergen was analyzed. Meanwhile, the trend of cat and dog dander sensitization rate was analyzed. ResultsOverall, 16 426 subjects were enrolled in this study. ① The sensitization rate of cat dander was significantly higher than dog dander（11.8% vs 6.0%, P18y（20.2% vs 10.9%, P less then 0.001; 8.1% vs 5.7%, P less then 0, 001）. The highest sensitization rate was presented in 13-18y age group（27.3% vs 9.9%, P less then 0.001）, following by 7-12y age group（26.0% vs 9.2%, P less then 0.001）. Sensitization rate of cat dander was higher in male than in female（13.7% vs 10.7%, P less then 0.001） while no gender difference was observed in dog dander sensitization（6.2% vs 5.8%, P=0.411）. ③595 subjects（3.6%） were both sensitized to cat and dog dander while 1733 subjects（10.6%） were sensitized either to cat or dog dander. Single sensitization rate of cat dander was higher than single sensitization rate of dog dander（8.2% vs 2.3%, P less then 0.001）. There was a positive correlation between the cat and dog dander sensitization rate（r=0.386, P less then 0.001）. ④During 2017-2019, the sensitization rate of cat dander increased but without significantly statistic difference while dog dander sensitization rate was descending from 7.4% to 4.6% significantly（χ²=38.298, P less then 0.001）. ConclusionCat dander sensitization rate was higher than dog dander with a peak age in adolescence. A trend of rising for cat dander allergy and descending for dog dander allergy was observed during the past three years.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the pathological characteristics of unilateralmaxillary sinus fungus ball（UMFB） in order to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. MethodsA total of 86 patients with unilateral maxillary sinus lesions who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University（Qingdao） from January 2017 to June 2019 were included. Those patients were confirmed UMFB or unilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis（UCMS） by pathology. The characteristics including age, sex, diabetes mellitus or no, CT features of the diseased maxillary sinus and GOSS osteitis score of the posterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus were analyzed, and the differences between the two groups were compared. CT features include ①intralesional hyperdensity（calcification）; ②maxillary sinus full haziness with or without mass effect; ③the irregular lobulated protruding lesion（fuzzy appearance） or smooth. Chi-square, independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed. Logisticand specificity were 0.516 and 0.958, respectively. ConclusionThe age, gender, CT characteristics and maxillary sinus osteitis score can distinguish UMFB from unilateral maxillary sinus chronic inflammation, and improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis.ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical manifestations and treatment of patients with deep neck infection with descending mediastinal infection. MethodsThe clinical data of 12 patients with deep neck infection with descending mediastinal infection were reviewed. The clinical manifestations, infection origin, bacterial culture results, related systemic diseases, surgical drainage methods and treatment results were analyzed. ResultsThe typical clinical features of descending mediastinal infection were chest pain and subcutaneous crackling, diagnosis can confirmed by CT scan detected gas and abscess in the neck and mediastinal space. The main origin of infection was pharyngeal infection, followed by odontogenic infection. Systemic diseases were mainly diabetes mellitus. check details The positive rate of purulent secretion culture was 58.3%（7/12）, streptococcus account for the highest proportion. Surgical treatment included 9 patients undergoing neck surgery alone and 3 patients undergoing combined neck and chest surgery. Chest drainage was performed by thoracic surgery through mediastinoscopy or thoracoscopic surgery or B-ultrasound guided puncture, and no patient underwent open surgery. Ten patients were cured and two died, with a mortality rate of 16.7%. ConclusionThe deep neck infection with descending mediastinal infection has no specificity in the early stage. Timely abscess drainage, effective airway protection, antimicrobial therapy, and management of potentially life-threatening complications such as sepsis, mediastinitis, and pneumonia are the key to successful treatment.ObjectiveTo investigate the value of color Doppler flow imaging（CDFI） in the diagnosis of congenital subglottic hemangioma（CSH） in infants. MethodsThe data of 18 children with CSH who underwent laryngeal CDFI examination were collected and analyzed retrospectively, and compared with those who underwent laryngeal ultrasound examination at the same time. The shape, size, blood flow characteristics of the tumor and its relationship with airway were observed. Eighteen cases were treated with propranolol orally. CDFI of larynx was reexamined after 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of treatment. ResultsCDFI could clearly show the location, shape, size and range of CSH in 18 cases, as well as the relationship with airway and surrounding tissues. CDFI images of CSH showed that the tumor was massive or nodular with abundant or patchy blood flow signals. Hemangioma was found in 6 cases on the right side, 8 cases on the left side, and 4 cases on both sides. ConclusionCDFI can be used in the diagnosis of subglottic hemangioma. It has advantages in displaying its size, scope and relationship with airway, especially in the later treatment and follow-up.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the predicting role of tumor volume as evaluated by postoperative pathologic examination on overall survival（OS） and disease free survival（DFS） in patients with local advanced glottic carcinoma. MethodsIn this study, the records of 406 consecutive patients with local advanced glottic carcinoma（T3-T4 stages） who underwent surgery ± chemoradiotherapy from January 2005 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed and followed up. The demographic characteristics, disease staging, and pathologic tumor volume were analyzed. The optimal cutoff values of tumor volume for OS and DFS were obtained by using receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curves. The association of tumor volume with T stages were assessed by using Logistic regression model, and the relationship between tumor volume and OS and DFS rates were evaluated by using Cox regression models. ResultsThe 5-and 10-year OS rates were 62.9% and 55.4%, respectively. The 5-and 10-year DFS rates were 55.5% and 50.8%, respectively.