INTRODUCTION BI-RADS in mammography screening is the guide to give a standardized terminology in mammary images. The BI-RADS 3 (uncertain cases) protocol requires anew mammography after six months. selleck kinase inhibitor This matter of time usually generates much concern and anxiety in patients and in the Radiologists. The aim of this study is to show that using the test of micronuclei (MN) in exfoliated mucosa buccal cells a very early diagnosis is achieved. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed an extensive search on Pub Med for “micronuclei in exfoliated buccal cells in breast cancer “and micronuclei in breast cancer”. We looked for the keywords in free text and with the cross-referencing method application. We experimentally got samples of buccal mucosa cells from twenty women BI-RADS 3 and twenty women BI-RADS 2. We fixed the samples with Papanicolaou staining. We registered the percentage of the cells containing MN in a total of 500 cells for each sample. The U Mann Whitney Calculator is the test for the statistical analysis of tast cancer development because the excesses of any type of hormones interacts with normal breast cell differentiation process. This BI-RADS 3 situation needs further investigation. CONCLUSION It’s interesting to apply the MN scoring in BI-RADS3 because in some cases this test can expect a cancer diagnosis by at least six months’ time because, in the other cases, test result can reassure both patient and Radiologists who will wait for the next following checkup with no anxiety.BACKGROUND Worldwide, the frequency of ALK rearrangement ranges between 3-6%, however its prevalence in the Middle Eastern population has not been reported. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of the ALK rearrangement, as well as the clinico-pathologic characteristics of Lebanese patients with ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS 152 patients diagnosed with non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC), at Hôtel-Dieu de France University Hospital between February 2014 and July 2016, were included in the study. ALK gene rearrangement expression was screened by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (D5F3 Clone). Positive cases were then sent for confirmation with Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. RESULTS On immunohistochemistry, patients were distributed as following score 0 n=108, score 1+ n=26, score 2+ n= 9, score 3+ n= 9. ALK gene rearrangement was detected in 6 out of 18 (2+ and 3+ score) tested patients by FISH technique. The presence of ALK rearrangement was significantly associated with the female gender (n=6, p=0.003) and with non-smoking status (n=4, p=0.0.18). CONCLUSION This study confirms that the prevalence of the ALK gene rearrangement in the Middle Eastern region is within the worldwide ranges and is almost exclusive to patients with adenocarcinoma subtype and tends to occur more frequently in women and non-smokers.INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer among men in the world. Radical prostatectomy is the gold standard treatment for localized prostate cancer but advanced diseases are treated with hormonal therapy. Unfortunately, this treatment is not curative and approximately after 2 years, castration resistant prostate cancer occurs. In this study we aimed to investigate the terminology of castration resistant and refractory, hormone resistant and refractory articles on Web of Science database. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the articles in the title section such as castration resistant prostate cancer, castration refractory prostate cancer, hormone resistant prostate cancer and hormone refractory prostate cancer between 1975 and 2018. Categories, publication years, document types, authors, countries, funding agencies and citation reports were recorded in 4 groups. RESULTS There were 6733 articles in the system. Most of the articles (72.16%) were published as using castration resistant title. The United States of America and Italy were in the top 5 countries in 4 titles. Oncology and urology nephrology categories consisted more than 80% of the articles. Of these articles, only 1745 (26%) articles had funding agency. DISCUSSION Different terminology can be used in some diseases. One of these diseases is castration resistant prostate cancer which is referred to different terms such as castration refractory, hormone resistant and refractory. In this study we searched the literature and discussed the results. CONCLUSION Castration resistant prostate cancer is a serious health problem for clinicians and patients. If international associations, journals and authors use the same terminology, the articles can be published without different titles in the literature.INTRODUCTION Luminal B breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis and resistance to hormone therapy. Studies have suggested that Ras-related protein 25 (RAB25), a member of Rab small GTPase family, is involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. Our aim in the present study is to analyze the association between RAB25 protein expression and clinical and pathological characteristics, and to investigate whether the expression of RAB25 was associated with a specific molecular subtype of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted regarding female patients diagnosed with breast cancer; clinicopathologic data was obtained from medical reports. RAB25 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 57 primary breast cancer samples. The results were correlated with clinicopathologic variables and different breast cancer molecular subtypes. RESULTS RAB25 expression was significantly associated with tumors expressing oestrogen receptor (P=0.03). A high significant difference was observed by analyzing RAB25 expression in various breast cancer subtypes (P=0.01). RAB25 expression was found in 66.7% of Luminal B breast tumors, considered as the most aggressive hormone dependent mammary tumors and was strongly associated with luminal breast cancer subtypes (p=0.004) but not with age, tumor size, SBR grade, axillary lymph node, or tumor stage. CONCLUSION RAB25 deregulated expression is most common in luminal B breast cancer tumors suggesting that RAB25 could be a potential therapeutic target for this molecular subtype.