Apparently, the Yorkie tandem WW domains first target the two adjacent PPXY motifs at the C-terminus of the Warts polypeptide and additional WW domains bind unoccupied motifs. Similar ensembles of interconverting conformers may be common in multivalent WW domain-PPXY interactions to promote the adaptability and versatility of WW domain-PPXY mediated cellular processes.Long-standing research in animal models and humans with stroke or incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) indicate that specific physical training variables, such as the specificity and amount of practice, may influence neurologic recovery and locomotor function. More recent data highlight the contributions of exercise intensity, as estimated indirectly by cardiovascular exertion, as potentially more important than previously considered. The effects of exercise intensity are well described in neurologically intact individuals, although confusion regarding the definitions of intensity and safety concerns have limited its implementation during physical rehabilitation of patients with neurologic injury. The purpose of this review is to delineate some of the evidence regarding the effects of exercise intensity during locomotor training in patients with stroke and iSCI. We provide specific definitions of exercise intensity used within the literature, describe methods used to ensure appropriate levels of exertion, and discuss potential adverse events and safety concerns during its application. Further details on the effects of locomotor training intensity on clinical outcomes, and on neuromuscular and cardiovascular function will be addressed as available. Existing literature across multiple studies and meta-analyses reveals that exercise training intensity is likely a major factor that can influence locomotor function after neurologic injury. To extend these findings, we describe previous attempts to implement moderate to high intensity interventions during physical rehabilitation of patients with neurologic injury, including the utility of specific strategies to facilitate implementation, and to navigate potential barriers that may arise during implementation efforts.

The aim of this systematic review is to critically assess the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation (VR) administered either alone or in combination with other neurorehabilitation strategies in patients with neurologic disorders.

An electronic search was conducted by 2 independent reviewers in the following databases MEDLINE (PubMed), the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

All clinical studies carried out on adult patients with a diagnosis of neurologic disorders who performed VR provided alone or in combination with other therapies were included.

Screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts and data extraction were undertaken independently by pairs of reviewers. Included studies were quality appraised using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

The summary of results was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Twelve studies were included in the review. All the included studies, withsorders are needed.

To evaluate the reliability and validity of clinical tests for measuring cervical muscle strength or endurance in participants with and without neck pain.

Systematic review and meta-analysis on reliability and validity. Literature search was conducted on January 28, 2020, using 5 databases MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus.

We included studies that investigated the reliability or validity of clinical tests for measuring cervical muscle strength or endurance in participants with nonspecific chronic neck pain, with or without irradiation, or healthy participants. We included only those that were viable for daily practice and of low cost.

Data were extracted as follows (1) author and year of publication, (2) demographic values and health condition, (3) reported clinical tests, (4) inclusion and exclusion criteria, (5) description of test, (6) interrater reliability, and (7) intrarater reliability. Cyclosporin A in vitro For validity studies we also extracted the (8) reference method and (9) validity estimates.

Methodological quality was assessed with the Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Reliability and the Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies. Data on reliability and validity were extracted from included articles and then analyzed.

Thirty-one studies were included. Cervical flexor and extensor endurance test, craniocervical flexion test (CCFT), AND cervical muscle strength using a handheld dynamometer (HHD) showed moderate to good intra- and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.64-0.90). Concurrent validity was measured by only 2 studies, which do not provide adequate evidence for a recommendation.

The cervical flexor and extensor endurance tests, CCFT, and HHD for measuring cervical strength presented an acceptable interrater and intrarater reliability.

The cervical flexor and extensor endurance tests, CCFT, and HHD for measuring cervical strength presented an acceptable interrater and intrarater reliability.

To evaluate state-level variation in Medicaid sterilization reimbursement policies for physicians in terms of policy details, flexibility, and review process.

We reviewed state Medicaid websites and interviewed state employees to better understand reimbursement policies and implementation. We attempted to obtain policy details and instructions for physicians from all 50 state Medicaid office websites. We invited employees in all 50 state Medicaid director’s offices to participate in semi-structured qualitative interviews.

We were able to collect data from 48 states’ websites for analysis, conducted 15 telephone interviews, and received 4 written responses from state Medicaid employees. State policies varied greatly in terms of degree of instruction available online to clinicians, number of content-related and logistical changes made compared to the federal policy, type of procedures included, corrections permitted, flexibility in terms of surgeon and procedure changes, review process, reasons for and ramifications of denial, and date of last policy revision.