The pharmacoepigenetics of antipsychotic treatment in severe mental illness is a growing area of research that aims to understand the interface between antipsychotic treatment and genetic regulation. Pharmacoepigenetics may some day assist in identifying treatment response mechanisms or become one of the components in the implementation of precision medicine. To understand the current evidence regarding the effects of antipsychotics on DNA methylation a systematic review with qualitative synthesis was performed through Pubmed, Embase and Psychinfo from earliest data to June 2019. Studies were included if they analyzed DNA methylation in an antipsychotic-treated population of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Data extraction occurred via a standardized format and study quality was assessed. Twenty-nine studies were identified for inclusion. Study design, antipsychotic type, sample source, and methods of DNA methylation measurement varied across all studies. Eighteen studies analyzed methylation in patients with schizophrenia, four studies in patients with bipolar disorder, and seven studies in a combined sample of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Twenty-two studies used observational samples whereas the remainder used prospectively treated samples. Six studies assessed global methylation, five assessed epigenome-wide, and 15 performed a candidate epigenetic study. Two studies analyzed both global and gene-specific methylation, whereas one study performed a simultaneous epigenome-wide and gene-specific study. Only three genes were analyzed in more than one gene-specific study and the findings were discordant. The state of the pharmacoepigenetic literature on antipsychotic use is still in its early stages and uniform reporting of methylation site information is needed. Future work should concentrate on using prospective sampling with appropriate control groups and begin to replicate many of the novel associations that have been reported. © 2020 Pharmacotherapy Publications, Inc.Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is one of the most commonly performed cardiac surgeries in the world. CABG using the internal mammary artery (IMA) remains the gold standard intervention for myocardial intervention in multivessel coronary artery disease. IMA harvesting can be performed with various techniques and approaches pedicled vs skeletonized harvesting technique as well as approaches such as conventional sternotomy, robotic and endoscopic approaches. While each technique and approach have their respective advantages and disadvantages, evidence remains varied between cohorts. Traditionally, IMA has been used as an in situ conduit; however, IMA free grafts also provide satisfactory outcomes in certain situations. This literature review aims to explore the efficacy of different techniques and approaches of IMA harvesting and grafting. With evidence compiled, this will provide an overview of the complexity of CABG and locate gaps in current literature to direct future research. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The interaction of a carbon nanotube (CNT) with various aromatic molecules, such as aniline, benzophenone, and diphenylamine, was studied using density functional theory able to compute intermolecular weak interactions (B3LYP-D3). CNTs of varying lengths were used, such as 4-CNT, 6-CNT, and 8-CNT (the numbers denoting relative lengths), with the lengths being chosen appropriately to save computation times. All aromatic molecules were found to exhibit strong intermolecular binding energies with the inner surface of the CNT, rather than the outer surface. Hydrogen bonding between two aromatic molecules that include N and O atoms is shown to further stabilize the intermolecular adsorption process. Therefore, when benzophenone and diphenylamine were simultaneously allowed to interact with a CNT, the aromatic molecules were expected to preferably enter the CNT. Furthermore, additional calculations of the intermolecular adsorption energy for aniline adsorbed on a graphene surface showed that the concavity of graphene-like carbon sheet is in proportion to the intermolecular binding energy between the graphene-like carbon sheet and the aromatic molecule. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.OBJECTIVES Iron depletion is common around the world and among certain risk groups in developed countries. The overall purpose was to test the suitability of a novel plasma collection card for minimally invasive iron status assessment. METHODS Twenty participants (10 f/10 m) participated in this cross-sectional study. Ferritin and hemoglobin were measured from blood collected from a forearm vein, serving as reference method. Blood was also collected from the fingertip using the NoviplexTM Plasma Prep Card as well as capillary collection tubes. RESULTS There was substantial concordance between ferritin measured from samples collected via NoviplexTM and venous ferritin (concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.96) with a mean bias of -0.8 ng/mL. Storing NoviplexTM cards at room temperature for 2 weeks resulted in slightly lower but good concordance when compared to venous ferritin (CCC = 0.95). Capillary hemoglobin (CCC = 0.42) and hematocrit (CCC = 0.25) were in poor agreement with venous data. CONCLUSIONS NoviplexTM cards offer a suitable alternative for a minimally invasive ferritin screening in the field when compared to capillary collection tubes. Despite overall substantial concordance with the reference method, findings indicative of iron status abnormalities should be confirmed in venous samples. © 2020 The Authors. selleck chemicals European Journal of Haematology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Birds have been comprehensively assessed on the IUCN Red List more times than any other taxonomic group. However, to date, generation lengths have not been systematically estimated to scale population trends when undertaking assessments, as required by the Red List Criteria. We compiled information from major databases of published life history and trait data for all birds, and imputed missing life history data as a function of species traits using Generalized Linear Mixed Models. Generation lengths were derived for all species, based on our modelled values of age-at-first-breeding (F), maximum longevity (L) and annual adult survival (S). The resulting generation lengths vary from 1.42 to 27.87 years, with a median of 2.99 years. We found that most species (61%) have generation lengths shorter than 3.33 years, meaning that the period of three generations – over which population declines are assessed under Criterion A of the Red List – was shorter than 10 years, the value used for Red List assessments of species with short generation times.