Conversely, advice that prevented harm was provided by only 17.3% (n=19) pharmacists and 10.9% (n=12) pharmacy assistants. History-taking was not attempted by 84 pharmacy staff.

The majority of pharmacy staff involved in this study did not manage a request for a CM with known drug-herb interactions in a way that would prevent harm. These findings highlight the need for the pharmacy workforce to engage in education and training in CMs, with a focus on how to consult evidence-based resources regarding interactions in the interest of patient safety.

The majority of pharmacy staff involved in this study did not manage a request for a CM with known drug-herb interactions in a way that would prevent harm. Bcl 2 inhibitor These findings highlight the need for the pharmacy workforce to engage in education and training in CMs, with a focus on how to consult evidence-based resources regarding interactions in the interest of patient safety.Population-based surveys have long been a key tool for health researchers, policy makers and program managers. The addition of bio-measures, including physical measures and specimen collection, to self-reported health and health behaviors can increase the value of the research for health sciences. At the same time, these bio-measures are likely to increase the perceived burden and intrusiveness to the respondent. Relatively little research has been reported on respondent willingness to participate in surveys that involve physical measures and specimen collection and whether there is any associated non-response bias. This paper explores the willingness of respondents to participate in surveys that involve physical measures and biomarkers. A Census-balanced sample of nearly 2000 adults from a national mobile panel of persons residing in the U.S. were interviewed. Willingness to participate in six specific bio-measures was assessed. The survey finds a high correlation in the willingness of respondents to participate among these specific bio-measures. This suggests there is a general propensity towards (and against) bio-measures among potential respondents, despite some differences in willingness to participate in the more sensitive, intrusive or burdensome biomarkers. This study finds the general propensity to participate in bio-measures is correlated with a number of key measures of health and illness. This suggests that the inclusion of biomarkers in health surveys may introduce some bias in key measures that need to be balanced against the value of the additional information.

To develop and assess the reliability of a tool that measures community pharmacist potential to influence prescriber quality measure performance.

Multidisciplinary, health care subject matter experts were convened to determine the criteria that evaluate the community pharmacist’s ability to influence quality measure performance and a scoring mechanism. The draft tool was reviewed by investigators and subject matter experts in various health care professional settings to assess face validity and make refinements. Interrater reliability was assessed by 2 independent reviewers using a random 20% sample of the 2017 Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) measure set. Absolute agreement and kappa statistics were calculated, and the tool was iteratively refined based on the results. The tool was then applied to the full 2017 MIPS measure set by 2 reviewers, and interrater reliability was assessed.

The quality measure impact tool-community pharmacy (QMIT-CP) comprised 5 criteria, which assessed the qualityes that community pharmacists have the potential to influence.

The QMIT-CP is a reliable tool to identify quality measures and assess the high, moderate, or low influence potential that community pharmacists may have. The QMIT-CP can be used to support innovative team-based care and enhance value-based contracting by identifying relevant measures that community pharmacists have the potential to influence.

In 2013, California passed Senate Bill 493, which allowed pharmacists to furnish hormonal contraceptives without a physician’s prescription. Despite this expanded scope of practice, only 11% of the pharmacies reported furnishing hormonal contraception over the following 6 years.

Our study objectives were to determine the extent of hormonal contraceptive furnishing and identify the factors that led to successful implementation in San Francisco community pharmacies.

Backspace we conducted a cross-sectional survey to identify community pharmacies furnishing hormonal contraception in San Francisco. Interviews were coded inductively to identify consistent themes. Semistructured interviews with pharmacists at the locations that furnished contraception identified the factors that had led to successful implementation in local community pharmacies, as well as assessing changes in practice during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

San Francisco had 113 operational community pharmacies in April 2020. Of these, 21 locations reported that they furnished hormonal contraception (19%), and we interviewed pharmacists at 12 of those locations. We identified 3 key factors that drove implementation at the pharmacy level administrative support, advertising, and pharmacist engagement. Additional drivers of implementation involved the nature of the community. The respondents also reported on barriers that continued to slow adoption, including consultation fees, time constraints, and patient privacy. Changes in demand for services owing to COVID-19 risks were inconsistent.

Our findings suggest strategies that community pharmacies can use to expand their scope of practice and improve quality and continuity of care for patients.

Our findings suggest strategies that community pharmacies can use to expand their scope of practice and improve quality and continuity of care for patients.Huang et al. have found that deletion of astrocyte lineage-specifying transcription factor NFIA from mature astrocytes alters astrocyte morphology, molecular identity, and synaptic-support capacity in a region-specific manner. We discuss the implications of these findings in light of emerging roles for astrocytes in immune cell crosstalk.