reducing their nuisance value more than in the area of somatic symptoms.

The study had two aims. The first was to determine the prevalence of various types of gambling behaviour and the severity of gambling among secondary school students in one of the poorest provinces in Poland. The second was to identify correlations between selected socio-demographic variables and the severity of gambling problems.

The study was carried out on a group of teenagers from secondary schools in the Lublin Province of eastern Poland. The survey covered 923 respondents aged 17 – 21 (M=18.06; SD=0.367). The study used a list of gambling activities, the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised Adolescent (SOGS-RA), and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The effects of independent variables on the severity of gambling behaviour were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test (for binary variables, such as gender or age group) and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA for ternary variables (e.g., place of residence, type of school).

The findings show that in the studied population 7.2% were pathological gamblers andd lived (until the age of 10) in rural areas scored the lowest in SOGS-RA, while those from cities below 50,000 residents, scored the highest. In families with a gambling member, pathological gambling was found 1.7 times more frequently.

The non-infectious uveitis, a serious vision-threatening disease is the fourth most common cause of blindness in working population of the developed world. Various antimetabolites are applied in corticosteroid-sparing therapy also in Poland but their efficacy was not compared in our country. The aim of our study was to compare mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine in terms of therapeutic effect of the antimetabolites in Polish patients with this disease.

The comparative, retrospective study included data of 61 patients admitted to Independent Public University Eye Hospital between January 2009 and January 2017, treated with antimetabolites for non-infectious uveitis. 31 patients received mycophenolate mofetil, 30 patients – azathioprine. In the assessment of corticosteroid-sparing efficacy, among others changes in visual acuity, the duration of the disease and therapy, incidence of ophthalmologic complications, adverse systemic side effects were determined.

The corticosteroid-sparing therapy was more oe disease before drug administration (10.5 years vs. 7.14 years in the azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil therapy, respectively, p less then 0.05) and limited number of patients assessed, thus it is desirable to examine more Polish patients treated with the antimetabolites.

Increased life expectancy, share of the very old in populations and differences in the prevalence or types of health problems between male and female seniors pose challenges for health and social care systems in providing adequate care.

The aim of the study is to compare the health condition and quality of life between women and men aged 90 or over, as well as to correlate the quality of life at advanced age with demographic and health conditions.

The study was conducted in Poland in 2015-2018 on 870 women and 264 men aged 90 or over who were able to communicate logically and had no dementia diagnosed previously by a physician. The author’s questionnaire, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Abbreviated Mental Test Score and WHO Quality of Life-Bref questionnaires were used.

The women aged 90 or over had a significantly higher prevalence of chronic pain (76% vs 60%), urinary incontinence (60% vs 44%), falls and syncopes (39% vs 25%), stool incontinence (17% vs 9%), more severe functional and cognitive impairment and lower quality of life than men at the same age. City residence, being widowed, chronic pain, geriatric giants and functional impairment were factors found to decrease all aspects of the life quality, while age in the studied interval decreased only physical health’ assessment. Lack of education only affected negatively psychological health while cognitive impairment decreased the assessment of physical and psychological health, as well as social relationships.

Men who reached the age of 90 or over assessed their health condition and quality of life better than women at the same age.

Men who reached the age of 90 or over assessed their health condition and quality of life better than women at the same age.

Many studies attempt to explain the relationship between living in highly industrialized societies and the development of various diseases among people. Nowadays, the incidence of lung cancer is increasing worldwide. This is a highly stressful situation, both psychologically and physically. The study investigates the variable of social support and its moderating role between stress level and the perception of the disease among patients diagnosed with lung cancer.

The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that there is a correlation between the subjective appraisal of one’s disease and the level of stress, as well as the hypothesis that social support is a moderator between the perception of the disease and stress level in patients diagnosed with lung cancer.

The study involved 97 respondents diagnosed with lung cancer – 50 men and 47 women. The following methods were used for the study the Disease-Related Appraisals Scale, the Disease-Related Social Support Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Socio-demographic data were also collected.

The results show that informational support may increase the level of perceived stress in lung cancer patients. It can be concluded that social support fulfils its moderating function in forming a stress response to cancer. read more A statistically significant moderating effect was observed of social support on the relationship between the appraisal of one’s disease as harmful and the stress level.

The research findings demonstrate that social support plays a substantial role. It is important to diagnose the individual specific needs of lung cancer patients concerning the support they need.

The research findings demonstrate that social support plays a substantial role. It is important to diagnose the individual specific needs of lung cancer patients concerning the support they need.