The review also clearly indicated a shortage of studies that solely focus on older patients’ experiences of their mealtime. More research is therefore needed to be fully able to understand the complex task of providing meals in hospitals. © 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science.Organ transplantation saves and transforms lives. Failure to secure consent for organ retrieval is widely regarded as the single most important obstacle to transplantation. A soft opt-out system of consent for deceased organ donation was introduced into Wales in December 2015, whilst England maintained the existing opt-in system. Cumulative data on consent rates in Wales were compared with those in England, using a two-sided sequential procedure that was powered to detect an absolute difference in consent rates between England and Wales of 10%. Supplementary risk-adjusted logistic regression analysis examined whether any difference in consent rates between the two nations could be attributed to variations in factors known to influence UK consent rates. Between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018, 8192 families of eligible donors in England and 474 in Wales were approached regarding organ donation, with overall consent rates of 65% and 68%, respectively. There was a steady upward trend in the proportion of families consenting to donation after brain death in Wales as compared with England and after 33 months, this reached statistical significance. No evidence of any change in the donation after circulatory death consent rate was observed. Risk-adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that by the end of the study period the probability of consent to organ donation in Wales was higher than in England (OR [95%CI] 2.1 [1.26-3.41]). The introduction of a soft opt-out system of consent in Wales significantly increased organ donation consent though the impact was not immediate. © 2020 The Authors. Anaesthesia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association of Anaesthetists.BACKGROUND A pilot randomized-controlled clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of a post-foaming dental gel containing cetylpridinium chloride (CPC), hydrogen peroxide, sodium bicarbonate and antioxidants on periodontal/oral health. METHODS Individuals with gingivitis or mild-moderate periodontitis (n = 36) were included and randomly assigned to Group 1 and 2 with foaming gel loaded on a mouthpiece with a light source and controlled warming heat built-in unit or on a toothbrush, respectively, in addition to regular twice-daily brushing. Group 3 served as control with twice daily brushing and further assigned split-mouth to Group 3a-un-flossed and Group 3b-flossed. Gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated in addition to plaque index (PI), pocket depth and clinical attachment level at days 14, 28, 42 (treatment) and 60 (maintenance). selleck chemical Subgingival plaque microbial profiles and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokine levels were determined by DNA-DNA hybridization and multi gingival inflammation at the local site in addition to better esthetic outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.AMPK-dependent Raptor Ser792 phosphorylation does not influence mTORC1-S6K1 activation by intense muscle contraction. α2 -AMPK activity-deficient mice have lower contraction-stimulated protein synthesis Increasing glycogen activates mTORC1-S6K1 independently of AMPK α2 Normalizing muscle glycogen content rescues reduced protein synthesis in AMPK-deficient mice ABSTRACT Objective The mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1)-S6K1 signalling pathway regulates muscle growth-related protein synthesis and is antagonized by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in multiple cell types. Resistance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mTORC1-S6K1 and AMPK signalling and post-contraction protein synthesis. Glycogen inhibits AMPK and has been proposed as a pro-anabolic stimulus. The aim of this study was to investigate how muscle mTORC1-S6K1 signalling and protein synthesis respond to resistance exercise-mimicking contraction in the absence of AMPK and with glycogen-manipulation. Methods Resistance exercise-mimickinot influenced by α2 -AMPK during or after intense muscle contraction. Elevated glycogen augments mTORC1-S6K1 signalling. α2 -AMPK-deficient KD-AMPK mice display impaired contraction-induced muscle protein synthesis, which can be rescued by normalizing muscle glycogen content. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Breast cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence in women of the world. CXCR4 and Skp2 are highly expressed in breast cancer cells and CXCR4 was positively correlated with Skp2 by interference or overexpression. The microRNA array was used to detect the differentially expressed spectrum of micro RNAs in breast cancer cells the changes of miR-7-5p after CXCR4 inhibitor (NT21MP) treatment to block the CXCR4/SDF-1 pathway was founded. MiR-7-5p has been found to be correlated with Skp2 in various tumors in the literature, and Skp2 expression can be regulated by transfection with miR-7-5p mimics or inhibitors. The expression level of miR-7-5p was upregulated or downregulated after CXCR4 interference or overexpression. Combined with the correlation between CXCR4 and miR-7-5p in the chip results, CXCR4 may regulate Skp2 through miR-7-5p. Epithelial cells have the morphological characteristics of mesenchymal cells for some reason called epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Transfection of miR-7-5p mimics into drug-resistant cells reduced Skp2 levels, decreased the expression of Vimentin, Snail, and slug, and increased the expression of E-cadherin. CXCR4 inhibitor (NT21MP) can reverse the EMT changes caused by miR-7-5p inhibitor. Similarly, in vivo results suggesting that CXCR4 inhibitors can reverse the EMT phenotype of drug-resistant breast cancer cells through the CXCR4/miR-7-5p/Skp2 pathway. In summary, the CXCR4/miR-7-5p/Skp2 signaling pathway plays an important role in the progression of breast cancer. This study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of breast cancer by targeting the CXCR4 pathway. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.