For alcohol consumption and number of sexual partners, both negative and positive associations have been reported. Directionality was investigated in a few studies suggesting potential bidirectional effects. CONCLUSIONS This review points out the need for consensus for the definition of self-esteem and HRB. There was high heterogeneity in (1) the measurement of self-esteem either in the concept measured (global vs. domain) or in the way to implement validated tools; and (2) the definition of HRB. Self-esteem seems to be a relevant target to intervene on HRB, especially alcohol abuse and physical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration number PROSPERO (ID = CRD42017056599).BACKGROUND This study examined the psychological predictors of general prescription medication adherence using an extended theory of planned behaviour (i.e. adding habit strength). The addition of habit strength to the model aimed to close the gap between intention and behaviour to further understand the psychological predictors of adherence. METHOD In this prospective study, self-report data was collected online at two time points, 1 week apart, from 114 Australian adults and was used to explore the role of the theory of planned behaviour variables (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and intention), and habit strength in predicting medication adherence. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to explore the relationships between variables. RESULTS Results showed that collectively attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control were unable to significantly predict intention to adhere. A ceiling effect was identified in intention. Perceived behavioural control was the only significant predictor of adherence behaviour (β = .41, p  less then  .001). Habit strength was not found to be a significant predictor of adherence in this sample. CONCLUSION The findings of this study show partial support for the predictive ability of the theory of planned behaviour in predicting intentions and medication adherence. It also adds to the growing literature showing the importance of perceived behavioural control in health behaviours. Behaviour change techniques related to enhancing self-efficacy, such as self-monitoring of the behaviour or keeping a diary, could be of use in interventions tailored to increase medication adherence.The 26S proteasome degrades selected polyubiquitinated proteins in the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is the major pathway for programmed protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rpn12 locates in the lid of the 19S regulatory particle within the 26S proteasome and plays a role in recruiting the extrinsic ubiquitin receptor Rpn10. Rpn12 contains a N-terminal TPR (tetratrico peptide repeat)-like domain and a C-terminal WH (winged helix) domain. Interaction of Rpn12 with several subunits of 19S has been observed and it may play an important role in the 19S regulatory particle rearrangement after ubiquitylated substrate binding to the proteasome. Herein, we report the resonance assignments of backbone 1H, 13C and 15N atoms of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rpn12, which provide valuable information for further studies of the dynamics and interactions of the Rpn12 subunit using NMR techniques.To evaluate whether the polygenic profile modifies the development of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (sAD) and pathological biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 462 sAD patients and 463 age-matched cognitively normal (CN) controls were genotyped for 35 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are significantly associated with sAD. Then, the alleles found to be associated with sAD were used to build polygenic risk score (PRS) models to represent the genetic risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate the predictive value of PRS for the sAD risk and age at onset. We measured the CSF levels of Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40, total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) in a subgroup (60 sAD and 200 CN participants), and analyzed their relationships with the PRSs. We found that 14 SNPs, including SNPs in the APOE, BIN1, CD33, EPHA1, SORL1, and TOMM40 genes, were associated with sAD risk in our cohort. The PRS models built with these SNPs showed potential for discriminating sAD patients from CN controls, and were able to predict the incidence rate of sAD and age at onset. Furthermore, the PRSs were correlated with the CSF levels of Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40, T-tau, and P-tau. Our study suggests that PRS models hold promise for assessing the genetic risk and development of AD. As genetic risk profiles vary among populations, large-scale genome-wide sequencing studies are urgently needed to identify the genetic risk loci of sAD in Chinese populations to build accurate PRS models for clinical practice.Diploid wild einkorn wheat, Triticum boeoticum Boiss (AbAb, 2n = 2x = 14), is a wheat-related species with a blue aleurone layer. In this study, six blue-grained wheat lines were developed from F8 progeny of crosses between common wheat and T. boeoticum. The chromosome constitutions of these lines were characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using the oligonucleotide probes Oligo-pTa535-1, Oligo-pSc119.2-1, Oligo-pTa71-2, and (AAC)7. Multicolor FISH using Oligo-pTa535-1, Oligo-pSc119.2-1, and Oligo-pTa71-2 identified all 42 common wheat chromosomes, while Oligo-pTa535-1 and (AAC)7 discriminated the 14 chromosomes of T. boeoticum. FISH revealed that all six blue-grained lines were wheat-T. boeoticum 4Ab (4B) disomic substitution lines. The substitution lines were validated by genotyping using the wheat 55 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array containing 53,063 markers. RO4987655 These 4Ab (4B) substitution lines represent novel germplasm for blue-grained wheat breeding. The FISH probes and SNP markers used here can be applied in the development of blue-grained wheat-Triticum boeoticum translocation lines.The main purpose of the present study was designing and assessing the common lifestyle and Islamic lifestyle interventions and comparison of them. Sample of the study was thirty-nine subjects participated in a healthy lifestyle program. The Islamic group were received the Islamic healthy lifestyle program. In comparison with common, in the Islamic group the CVD risk was significantly lower; the psychological well-being was increased significantly; the psychological distress was decreased significantly; and the spiritual well-being was increased significantly. The most powerful element of Islamic lifestyle was to strengthen the spirituality that can positively affect the life.