In case of EpCAM, increased membranous expression of EpCAM was associated with nucleolar grade and tumor necrosis in ccRCC. Additionally, membranous EpCAM expression added prognostic value in patients with ccRCC who had high nucleolar grade versus low nucleolar grade. Moreover, membranous EpCAM expression was found to be an independent favorable prognostic marker for progression-free survival (PFS) in ccRCC. Our results demonstrated that higher cytoplasmic B7-H3 and membranous EpCAM expression are clinically significant in ccRCC and are associated with more aggressiveness tumor behavior. Among others, amino acids can inhibit oxidative processes through multiple pathways including inactivation of reactive oxygen species, scavenging free radicals, chelation of pro-oxidative transition metals, as well as reduction of hydroperoxides. Moreover, they can be a major target for oxidants as a result of their abundance in biological systems. The purpose of the present study is to examine the radical scavenging, reducing power and chelating capacity of the free proteinogenic amino acids, using several analytical assays based on different mechanisms and monitored via molecular UV-vis absorption spectrophotometry. In most of the assays, the highest antioxidant activity is rendered by Cys and Trp, known for their involvement in physiological radical reactions, followed by Tyr, Asn and Arg. The least reactive amino acids with respect to both radical scavenging and reducing power principle were Ala, Met, Thr and Val. The hierarchy of the amino acids based on their antioxidant activity is shifting, depending on the analytical assay employed. Results from the multivariate exploratory techniques-hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis-could point out the methods that are most similar and best connected to each other, thus classifying the investigated amino acids according to their activity. check details Considering the results of chemometric techniques, the antioxidant methods that best discriminate between amino acids are DPPH bleaching and SORS assays. Not only the comprehensive study of antioxidant activity of amino acids is novel in this study but also the application of the sum of ranking differences to compare and rank the various antioxidant capacity assays. The obtained results will support the development of amino acids based multifunctional formulations with important physiologically relevant implications for both humans and animals, with a possible future use in the food industry. This work describes the assignment of the electronic spectra of metal ions in D3d coordination symmetry. Layered hydroxides are a class of materials that host transition metal ions such as Ni2+, Co2+, and Cr3+ in D3d coordination symmetry. The electronic spectra of these ions in the layered hydroxides exhibit significant fine structure which is assigned to transitions arising from D3d coordination symmetry. Towards this end, the correlation diagrams- complete or partial, and the resultant Tanabe-Sugano like diagrams for D3d symmetry are obtained from first principles and supported by DFT based computations. The approach engendered here helps in better understanding of the electronic transitions arising due to lower symmetry. Fludarabine (Flu) is widely used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. HSA is of the essence to human, especially in blood circulation system. The interaction mechanism between Flu and HSA was studied by comprehensive spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique. UV-vis and FL spectrum results indicated that Flu bond with HSA, and there was a new complex produced at the binding site I in subdomain IIA. Association constants at 298 K were 1.637 × 104 M-1 and 1.552 × 104 M-1 at 310 K, respectively. The negative enthalpy (ΔH) and positive entropy (ΔS) values for the interaction revealed that the binding behavior was driven by hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds. The results obtained from UV, RLS spectra, 3D fluorescence and CD spectrum illustrated that Flu could change the secondary structure of HSA. According to molecule docking result, the binding energy of interaction is -11.15 kcal/mol. A highly sensitive detection system for sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitric oxide (NO) was developed via deep ultraviolet differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DUV-DOAS). The wavelength range of 200-230 nm was used which was rarely used before as result of severe cross sensitivity to SO2 and NO, in this work, this problem was overcame. A system detection limit (DL) of 60 ppb for SO2 has been reached which was among the best ones. Meanwhile, a novel method based on spectrum superposition theory was proposed to decompose the differential optical density (DOD) of NO from that of gas mixture in cross sensitive band. The advantage of this method is that the most sensitive absorption peak of NO was used, which cannot be used by conventional methods due to the cross sensitive to SO2. A system DL of 7 ppb for NO has been achieved which is among the best ones reported before. Furthermore, the effect of gas temperature and humidity on concentration retrieval has also been studied, gas temperature and humidity compensation models have also been proposed. The experimental results show that the compensation models succeed in compensating the deviation caused by gas temperature and humidity. The environmental adaptability of the system has been enhanced. This work achieves the aim of monitoring ultra-low concentration of SO2 and NO in a complex environment simultaneously. V.As an excellent alternative gas for sulfur hexafluoride(SF6), heptafluoroisobutyronitrile(C4F7N) has received widespread attention. C4F7N gas mixture has the potential to be applied to gas-insulated electrical equipment due to its good insulation properties. Quick and easy quantification of the gas mixture and its decomposition products has great significance. In this paper, the infrared spectroscopy is used to detect the three decomposition products of hexafluoropropene(C3F6), carbon monoxide(CO), and carbonyl fluoride(COF2). Combining chemometrics, a partial least squares(PLS) analysis model of C4F7N and its decomposition products is established. Quantitative analysis of CO, C3F6 and C4F7N is achieved by infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics. The research provides new ideas for the decomposition products detection and future online monitoring of alternative gas-insulated equipment.