The genus Alloiococcus was least common in females who reported cleaning their ears. Subjects with a high relative abundance of Alloiococcus typically had a low abundance of Staphylococcus, which may be a sign of the two being competing members of the microbial community.

The most common bacteria in the microbiome of the healthy EAC were Staphylococcus auricularis, Propionibacterium acnes, Alloiococcus otitis, and Turicella otitidis. The EAC microbiota seems more diverse and individualized than previously thought. Also, ear cleaning habits seem to alter the EAC microbiome.

The most common bacteria in the microbiome of the healthy EAC were Staphylococcus auricularis, Propionibacterium acnes, Alloiococcus otitis, and Turicella otitidis. The EAC microbiota seems more diverse and individualized than previously thought. find more Also, ear cleaning habits seem to alter the EAC microbiome.

Assess quantitatively whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity can be used to distinguish cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in the temporal bone from middle ear effusions.

Retrospective case review.

Tertiary referral center.

Forty-nine patients, 18 with middle ear effusions (MEE), 30 with CSF leaks, and 1 with an MEE on one side and a CSF leak on the other, were evaluated in the study. Primary inclusion criteria for CSF leak patients were operative management of CSF leak with confirmatory diagnosis in follow-up. Primary inclusion criteria for MEE patients were electronic medical record documentation of an effusion with subsequent resolution on follow-up. For all patients, inclusion criteria included MRI imaging with 3D-T2 weighted sequences (3DT2) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences performed within 1 year of diagnosis code entry.

Computational analysis of signal intensity of fluid collections in MRI imaging.

Sensitivity and specificity of 3DT2 and FLAIR signality was 76% (95% CI 54.9-90.6) and specificity was 100% (95% CI 73.5-100).

Chronic ear disease presents a unique challenge to otolaryngologists in both rural and urban settings. Cholesteatoma remains a difficult disease to treat in rural populations due to limited healthcare access and high risk of recurrence. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are differences in surgical outcomes among patients with acquired cholesteatoma residing in rural versus urban settings.

Single-surgeon retrospective case series with chart review.

Tertiary care private otolaryngology practice.

One hundred twenty-two patients presenting to the Kentuckiana ENT otology and neurotology practice from January 2011 to May 2017.

Surgical outcomes including recurrence, air-bone gap improvement, ossicular integrity, and complications were reviewed and compared between the rural and urban cohorts.

Presence of postoperative residual cholesteatoma (OR = 8.667, 95% CI = 2.022-37.141, p = 0.008) and number of surgeries per patient (OR = 5.185, 95% CI = 1.086-24.763, p = 0.024) were significantler, prospective examinations of outcomes among urban versus rural patients, which would enable a better understanding of difference in surgical outcomes between rural and urban cohorts.Level of Evidence IV.

To develop and implement a universal screening protocol for depression and anxiety in adolescents serviced in an otology and audiology practice and to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in adolescents with hearing loss, while also comparing rates by degree of hearing loss and type of hearing device used.

Cross-sectional.

University tertiary medical center.

One hundred four adolescents 12- to 18-years-old who attended an otology clinic in a large metropolitan hospital in the southeastern United States.

(s) Depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), degree of hearing loss, type of hearing loss, and type of hearing device utilized.

Twenty-five percent of adolescents scored above the clinical cutoff on at least one of the depression and/or anxiety measures, with 10% scoring in the elevated range on both measures. Specifically, 17% scored above the cutoff on the PHQ-8 and 16% scored in the clinically significant range for the GAD-7. An additional 30 and 21% scored in the at-risk range for depression and anxiety, respectively. Older adolescents were more likely to score within the elevated range for depression (r = 0.232, p = 0.026). Also, adolescents with severe to profound hearing loss had higher rates of depression and anxiety.

Integration of mental health screening is needed in otology and audiology practices both to identify those who require psychological support and to provide appropriate treatment to reduce long-term impact of hearing loss on quality of life and mental health functioning in adolescents.

Integration of mental health screening is needed in otology and audiology practices both to identify those who require psychological support and to provide appropriate treatment to reduce long-term impact of hearing loss on quality of life and mental health functioning in adolescents.Although germline mutations in BRCA-associated protein-1 (BAP1) predispose to cutaneous melanoma (CM), BAP1 is rarely mutated in primary CM outside the familial context. The role of BAP1 in the pathogenesis of CM remains obscure. Here, we discovered an unexpected role of BAP1 in suppressing CM growth and metastasis. BAP1 deletion by CRISPR-Cas9 system severely compromises colony-forming capability of murine CM cell line B16-F10 and human CM cell lines, SK-MEL-28 and A375. Furthermore, BAP1 loss abrogates tumor growth and lung metastasis in murine syngeneic tumor models. Deletion of BAP1 in B16-F10 cells leads to preferential downregulation of genes accompanied with increased H2A ubiquitination at lysine 119. Transcriptomic characterization of BAP1 deletion reveals multiple deregulated cellular functions including extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and MAPK signaling pathway which may contribute to BAP1’s effect on metastasis and proliferation. Our findings indicate that BAP1 could be a potential therapeutic target for CM.

There is a need to understand how and to what extent theory is used to inform occupational health psychology (OHP) interventions. This study examines the utility of Michie and Prestwich1 theory coding scheme (TCS) to examine the theoretical base of OHP interventions.

We applied the TCS to a systematically derived sample of 27 papers that reported evaluation data for work-related interventions seeking to improve employee sleep quantity or quality.

Results indicated that the original TCS was largely applicable to OHP sleep interventions. After several minor modifications to its evaluative criteria, the TCS successfully accommodates a range of OHP intervention designs.

The revised TCS for OHP interventions allows for a more detailed understanding of the role and use of theory in OHP interventions and may prove to be a valuable tool for OHP researchers and practitioners.

The revised TCS for OHP interventions allows for a more detailed understanding of the role and use of theory in OHP interventions and may prove to be a valuable tool for OHP researchers and practitioners.