Diabetes mellitus has been associated with impaired cognitive performance, particularly in verbal memory. Mediterranean diets (MedD) may lead to improvements in overall and single cognitive functions. We hypothesised that adherence to MedD associates with better performance in verbal memory in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Thus, we performed a cross-sectional analysis including patients with recently diagnosed type 1 (n = 75) or type 2 diabetes (n = 118), metabolically healthy individuals (n = 41) and individuals with type 1 (n = 44) or type 2 diabetes (n = 62) of at least five years after diagnosis. Participants underwent comprehensive metabolic phenotyping and cognitive testing. Adherence to the Modified Mediterranean diet scale (MMDS) was computed from a food frequency questionnaire. Among patients with type 2 diabetes with a known diabetes duration ≥5 years, closer adherence to the MMDS was associated with higher score in verbal memory after adjustment for potential confounders (P = 0.043). Adherence to the MMDS did not relate to verbal memory in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (P = 0.275), recently diagnosed or longer-standing type 1 diabetes (P = 0.215 and P = 0.626, respectively) or metabolically healthy individuals (P = 0.666). In conclusion, closer adherence to MedD may exert beneficial effects on cognitive performance in the course of type 2 diabetes.The DNA damage response (DDR) pathway is a promising target for anticancer therapies. The androgen receptor and myeloblastosis transcription factors have been reported to regulate expression of an overlapping set of DDR genes in prostate cancer cells. Here, we found that histone demethylase JMJD1A regulates expression of a different set of DDR genes largely through c-Myc. Inhibition of JMJD1A delayed the resolution of γ-H2AX foci, reduced the formation of foci containing ubiquitin, 53BP1, BRCA1 or Rad51, and inhibited the reporter activity of double-strand break (DSB) repair. Mechanistically, JMJD1A regulated expression of DDR genes by increasing not only the level but also the chromatin recruitment of c-Myc through H3K9 demethylation. Further, we found that ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 induced the K27-/K29-linked noncanonical ubiquitination of JMJD1A at lysine-918. Ablation of the JMJD1A noncanonical ubiquitination lowered DDR gene expression, impaired DSB repair, and sensitized response of prostate cells to irradiation, topoisomerase inhibitors or PARP inhibitors. Thus, development of agents that target JMJD1A or its noncanonical ubiquitination may sensitize the response of prostate cancer to radiotherapy and possibly also genotoxic therapy.BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the potential therapeutic targets and pathways of liraglutide against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats based on lncRNA sequencing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups the control group (n=10), the T2DM model group (high-sugar and high-fat diet, and streptozotocin-induced, n=11), and the liraglutide group (model plus liraglutide, n=10). After 8 weeks of drug treatment, lncRNA sequencing was used to identify the lncRNA therapeutic targets and their related protein-coding genes of liraglutide against T2DM, which were further studied by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis to determine the major biological processes and pathways involved in the action of liraglutide treatment. Lastly, several lncRNA targets were randomly detected based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) to verify the accuracy of sequencing results. GSK963 RESULTS A total of 104 lncRNA targets of liraglutide against T2DM were screened, with 27 upregulated and 77 downregulated, including NONRATT030354.2, MSTRG.1456.6, and NONRATT011758.2. The major biological processes involved were glucose and lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Liraglutide had a therapeutic effect in T2DM, mainly through the Wnt, PPAR, amino acid metabolism signaling, mTOR, and lipid metabolism-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we screened 104 lncRNA therapeutic targets and several signaling pathways (Wnt, PPAR, amino acid metabolism signaling pathway, mTOR, and lipid metabolism-related pathways) of liraglutide against T2DM based on lncRNA sequencing.BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease, also known as diffuse parenchymal lung disease, is a group of diseases that affects the interstitium of the lungs and can lead to progressive fibrosis of the lungs. The potential causes of interstitial lung disease are broad and includes infection, malignancy, autoimmune/connective tissues diseases, inhaled substances, and certain medications. One of the medications that can cause interstitial lung disease is nitrofurantoin. CASE REPORT A 88-year-old man with recurrent urinary tract infections was treated with long-term nitrofurantoin prophylactic therapy. He took 100 mg of nitrofurantoin on a daily basis for over 10 years as prophylactic therapy for recurrent urinary tract infections, and subsequently developed chronic respiratory failure requiring supplemental oxygen. Chest radiography and high-resolution computed tomography imaging were performed and revealed pulmonary fibrosis consistent with interstitial lung disease. CONCLUSIONS Although nitrofurantoin is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of urinary tract infections and is often considered a relatively safe medication, long-term use can lead to the development of interstitial lung disease.BACKGROUND SOX7 exerts a repressing effect against tumors and imposes vital influences on malignancies. Our research discussed the importance of SOX7 in breast cancer prognoses. MATERIAL AND METHODS SOX7 mRNA expression in breast cancer tissues samples and matched adjacent normal controls of breast cancer patients was measured by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship of SOX7 with clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed via chi-square test. The association of SOX7 levels with clinical outcomes was evaluated adopting the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS SOX7 mRNA degree of expression exhibited a declining tendency in breast cancer tissue compared to paired bordering normal tissue specimens (P less then 0.001). In addition, the reduced SOX7 degree of expression had a strong correlation to larger cancer mass dimension (P=0.006) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.001). Survival analysis revealed that the overall survival (OS) time was much shorter among cases harboring low SOX7 degree of expression compared to high degree of expression (P=0.