The posture has probably improved due to the localization ability when walking with the head facing forward, while the localization ability was impaired when turning the head.

The localization ability of a fixed sound source through the auditory system has a significant but limited impact on posture while walking.

The localization ability of a fixed sound source through the auditory system has a significant but limited impact on posture while walking.

Gait analysis is important for the lower limb prosthesis design. Simulating the natural motion of the human knee in different terrains is useful for the design and performance assessment of the prosthetic knee.

This study aimed to propose a four-bar knee joint measurement system which can simulate the natural knee motions to collect the kinetic parameters precisely and analyze the walking characteristics under different terrain conditions.

A low-cost four-bar knee joint mechanism was proposed and gait characteristics were assessed on level ground, ascending and descending stairs, and ascending and descending ramp.

The initial knee flexion angle during stair ascent at heel strike is obviously larger than in other walking scenes. The stance phase accounts for 53% of a single gait cycle during stair descent, which is slightly lower than other walking scenarios. The period that both the hindfoot and forefoot contact the ground in ramp descent accounts for 18%, which is less than for the others. While the forefoot contacts the ground in ramp ascent, the maximum vertical ground reaction force of the forefoot occurs when the hindfoot and forefoot simultaneously contact the ground, whereas in other scenarios the forefoot contacts the ground solely.

The four-bar knee joint can simulate the natural motion of the human knee accurately. The gait characteristics analysis of different walking scenarios indicated that the low-cost four-bar knee joint exoskeleton was suitable for human knee joint simulation.

The four-bar knee joint can simulate the natural motion of the human knee accurately. The gait characteristics analysis of different walking scenarios indicated that the low-cost four-bar knee joint exoskeleton was suitable for human knee joint simulation.

The mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus is sensitivis susceptible to infection or inflammation adjacent to it, which may contribute to mucous membrane thickening (MMT). Residual alveolar bone quality (RABQ) is considered a quality of the remaining bone apical to periodontal defect adjoining to the floor of the maxillary sinus.

The current study aimed to analyze the minimum RABQ to prevent the extension of periodontal pathology from reaching maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

In this retrospective observational study, 240 sinus exposure CBCT records of 146 patients were evaluated. Patients with at least one sinus exposure were included. RABQ and MMT were calculated using CBCT inbuilt tools. RABQ was divided into four groups based on gray scale values (GSV). Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA and independent sample t-tests. Correlation was completed applying Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

A significant difference (p< 0.05) was observed between the Mmpt treatment along with appropriate regenerative protocols can be performed to increase the RABQ. Further microbiological investigation is required to support the present results.

The distal biceps brachii tendon rupture is a rare injury of the musculoskeletal system. Multiple surgical techniques have been described for distal biceps brachii tendon repairs including suture anchors.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of anatomical distal biceps tendon refixation using either one or two suture anchors for reattachment and to determine whether there are significant clinically important differences on the number of anchors used for refixation.

A monocentric, randomized controlled trial was conducted, including 16 male patients with a mean age of 47.4years (range, 31.0 to 58.0) in Group 1 (two suture anchors for refixation) and 15 male patients with a mean age of 47.4 (range, 35.0 to 59.0) in Group 2 (one suture anchor for refixation). All surgeries were performed through an anterior approach. The outcome was assessed using the Oxford Elbow Score (OES), the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the Andrews Carson Score (ACS) and by isokinetic strength measurement for the elbow flexion after six, twelve, 24 and 48 weeks. Radiographic controls were performed after 24 and 48 weeks.

No significant differences between both groups were evident at any point during the follow-up period. A continuous improvement in outcome for both groups could be detected, reaching an OES 46.3 (39.0 to 48.0) vs. 45.5 (30.0 to 48.0), MEPS 98.0 (85.0 to 100.0) vs. 99.0 (85.0 to 100.0), DASH 3.1 (0.0 to 16.7) vs. 2.9 (0.0 to 26.7), ACS 197.0 (175.0 to 200.0) vs. 197.7.

No significant differences between both groups were evident at any point during the follow-up period. BAY 43-9006 A continuous improvement in outcome for both groups could be detected, reaching an OES 46.3 (39.0 to 48.0) vs. 45.5 (30.0 to 48.0), MEPS 98.0 (85.0 to 100.0) vs. 99.0 (85.0 to 100.0), DASH 3.1 (0.0 to 16.7) vs. 2.9 (0.0 to 26.7), ACS 197.0 (175.0 to 200.0) vs. 197.7.

The treatment of adolescent patients with distal femoral cancer has always been a concern. The limb-salvage, regarded as a mainstream treatment, had been developed in recent years, but its application in children still remains challenging. This is because it can lead to potential limb-length discrepancy from the continued normal growth of the contralateral lower body. The extendable prosthesis could solve this problem. The principle is that it can artificially control the length of the prosthesis, making it consistent with the length of the side of the lower limbs. However, this prosthesis has some complications. The extendable prosthesis is classified into invasive and minimally invasive, which extends the prosthesis with each operation.

We designed a new non-invasive prosthesis that can be extended in the body. Based on the non-invasive and extendable characteristics, we need to verify the supporting performance of this prosthesis.

We carried out a mechanical testing method and finite element analysis simulation.