The 2020 CPG is aimed for the Filipino physician to confidently care for the individual with dyslipidemia and eventually lower his risk for cardiovascular disease.Universities were forced to move instruction online and send residential students home due to the pandemic, resulting in financial shortfalls. Governing boards, administrators, and governments made decisions including eliminating faculty and staff, and programs yet these decisions were rarely inclusive of university stakeholders or innovative. This study’s purpose is to examine and compare viewpoints of stakeholders in relation to addressing the financial impact of the pandemic in hopes of capturing innovative and effective pathways for universities. Because the purpose involved describing and comparing these viewpoints, the researcher selected a unique mixed method, Q methodology [Q] for this study. In Q, participants sort statements related to the topic into a grid such that their Q-sort provides a snapshot of their subjectivity. Participants’ sorts are grouped empirically into factors, each representing unique viewpoints. Three distinct viewpoints emerged 1) Focus on teaching mission and students, 2) University as a business, and 3) University as community. Views 1 and 3 were dominated by university faculty while View 2 was dominated by non-faculty including administrators and staff. Q’s determination of distinguishing statements within each view provides the ability to compare these views’ uniqueness. The three views and consensus among the views represent rejection of decisions to lay off faculty or close programs, among others, in order to balance university finances. The importance of tenured faculty in relationship to shared governance and academic freedom is especially stressed by two of the viewpoints. selleck Implications for higher education policy, innovation, democratic problem-solving, and governance are discussed.We present a model and simulation for predicting the detected signal of a fluorescence-based optical biosensor built from optofluidic waveguides. Typical applications include flow experiments to determine pathogen concentrations in a biological sample after tagging relevant DNA or RNA sequences. An overview of the biosensor geometry and fabrication processes is presented. The basis for the predictive model is also outlined. The model is then compared to experimental results for three different biosensor designs. The model is shown to have similar signal statistics as physical tests, illustrating utility as a pre-fabrication design tool and as a predictor of detection sensitivity.CoV2019 has evolved to be much more dangerous than CoV2003. Experiments suggest that structural rearrangements dramatically enhance CoV2019 activity. We identify a new first stage of infection that precedes structural rearrangements by using biomolecular evolutionary theory to identify sequence differences enhancing viral attachment rates. We find a small cluster of mutations which show that CoV-2 has a new feature that promotes much stronger viral attachment and enhances contagiousness. The extremely dangerous dynamics of human coronavirus infection is a dramatic example of evolutionary approach of self-organized networks to criticality. It may favor a very successful vaccine. The identified mutations can be used to test the present theory experimentally.The impact of tunable morphologies and plasmonic properties of gold nanostars are evaluated for the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of uranyl. To do so, gold nanostars are synthesized with varying concentrations of the Good’s buffer reagent, 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]propanesulfonic acid (EPPS). EPPS plays three roles including as a reducing agent for nanostar nucleation and growth, as a nanostar-stabilizing agent for solution phase stability, and as a coordinating ligand for the capture of uranyl. The resulting nanostructures exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectra that contain two visible and one near-infrared plasmonic modes. All three optical features arise from synergistic coupling between the nanostar core and branches. The tunability of these optical resonances are correlated with nanostar morphology through careful transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. As the EPPS concentration used during synthesis increases, both the length and aspect ratio of the branches increase. This causes the two lower energy extinction features to grow in magnitude and become ideal for the SERS detection of uranyl. Finally, uranyl binds to the gold nanostar surface directly and via sulfonate coordination. Changes in the uranyl signal are directly correlated to the plasmonic properties associated with the nanostar branches. Overall, this work highlights the synergistic importance of nanostar morphology and plasmonic properties for the SERS detection of small molecules.The transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurs via contact with contaminated surfaces and inhalation of large airborne droplets and aerosols. As growing evidence of airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been reported worldwide, ventilation is an effective method of reducing the infection probability of SARS-CoV-2. This leads to such questions as “What is a sufficient ventilation rate for avoiding the risk of COVID-19 infection?” Therefore, this study evaluates the critical ventilation rates according to room size and exposure time when a susceptible person is in the same room as an infector. The analytical results were based on data obtained from 70 confirmed COVID-19 cases transmitted in confined spaces without an operational ventilation system. The results reveal that even with active ventilation (20 h-1 air exchange rate), the critical exposure time for a susceptible person with a COVID-19 infector in a small space of 20 m3 is less than 1 h. For other cases (different space sizes), the estimated air exchange rates for avoiding the risk of infection are generally higher than various requirements for good indoor air quality. The findings of this study will provide guidelines for determining sufficient ventilation rates to protect against the highly contagious COVID-19.